Lecture 1: Human Brain Flashcards
Label the brain with the major landmarks
Forebrain, midbrain and hindbrain components?
Frontal association cortex?
- intelligence
- personality
- behavior
- mood
- cognitive function
Parietal association cortex?
- spatial skill
- 3D recognition
Temporal association cortex?
- Memory
- mood
- agression
- intelligence
Types of aphasia and signs?
Broca’s/non-fluent - understand but can’t verbally respond but can make a written response
Connectional aphasia - Issue with the arcuate fasciculus that means the response is well structured but inappropriate
Wernike’s/fluent aphasia - common from middle cerebral artery blockage meaning you can’t understand.
Broca’s and Exener’s area?
Broca’s is in the planning area and involved with planning a verbal response and then transferring this to the PMC
Exener’s area also in the planning area but this time is involved with writting things down and is connected to PMC and also the supramarginal gyrus. Found on the LHS ONLY
Non-dominant hemispere function?
- non-everbal language
- emotional expression
- spatial skills
- conceptual understanding
- artistic and musical appreciation
Someone with an issue with speaking can often still sing well as it is controlled by a different area.
Organisation of the primary cortices?
PMC and PSC = somatotopically
PAC = tonotopically
PVC = Visuotopically
ALL ARE CONTRALATERAL
3 types of fibres found in brain?
Association fibres (eg. arcuate fasciculus)
Commissural fibres (eg. corpus callosum)
Projection fibres (eg. internal capsule)
Different types of cortex and divider?
allocortex containing usually 3 layers is seperated from the 6 layer neocortex by the rhinal or collateral sulcus
Layers of the neocotex?
- molecular
- external granular
- external pyramidal
- internal granular
- internal pyramidal
- multiform
distribution of the cerebral arteries?
Artery most likely to be affected by strokes and atherosclerosis?
Other issues with cerebral arteries?
middle cerebral artery - hence the importance of wernicke’s aphasia as the middle cerebral artery supplies this area.
Any junction is prone to a berry aneurysm leading to a sub-arachnoid haemorrhage (50% die before making it to hospital)