Lecture 1- Human Brain Flashcards
Types of division of brain
Structural and Functional
Left and Right Hemisphere function (main)?
Left- major control of language
Right- spacial recognition and 3D side of life
Separated by longitudinal fissure and connected by the CORPUS CALLOSUM
Lobar divisions?
Frontal Lobe
Parietal Lobe
Temporal Lobe
Occipital Lobe
Division Between
FL and PL?
PL and TL?
PL and OL?
Central Sulcus
Lateral Fissure
Parieto Occiptial Sulcus
Gyrification?
Folding into a gyrified region to increase surface area and fit more into a smaller total volume(ie. Skull)
Central Sulcus has ______ in front and ______ behind?
Precentral Gyrus
Postcentral Gyrus
What classifies the FOREBRAIN?
Everything above the midbrain
Why is the HINDBRAIN important?
Due to its extremely large number of neurones
Classification based on position in the brain?
Anatomical classification
Precentral Gyrus?
Primary motor cortex, aka the motor strip.
1/3 goes to the face as the number of nerves is proportional to the range or difficulty of movement.
Type of organisation of Primary motor cortex and how it’s mapped?
Somatotopically organised
Homunculus= body map
Post Central Gyrus?
Primary Sensory Cortex
Has a sensory homunculus
Primary Auditory Cortex?
Function?
Info mapping?
Found in the lateral fissure
Primarily occurs on the left side(DOMINANT) and information is mapped in a TONOTOPIC FASHION
Secondary Auditory Cortex?
Found?
Wernicke’s Speech Area
Interprets info from the primary area
Found on Superior Temporal Gyrus only on the left side
Broca’s Speech Area
Allows you to formulate speech for yourself and is found in planning area of frontal lobe by the mouth area of Primary motor cortex
What allows interpretation and logical answers to be formed?
Arcuate Fasciculus that joins Broca’s area with wernickes area.
An leison in an area can lead to an ___?
Aphasia
Types of Aphasia and where they are found?
Sensory/Fluent Aphasia - Wernickes area understanding affected
Non-Fluent/motor Aphasia - Broca’s area, are not fluent
Connection all Aphasia - Arcuate Fasciculus, disconnect between understanding and mounting response. Work fine on their own.
SMGLA AND AGLA?
Supramarginal language area (reading)
Angular Gyrus language area. (Writing)
SMGLA and AGLA are found?
Inferior parietal lobule
Exeners Area?
Planning area located by eyes on primary motor cortex. Joined to SMGLA and AGLA by Fasciculus.
Primary Visual Cortex?
Supplementary Visual Cortex?
Found on the occipital pole small granules allow sense of sight
Found around pole and allow interpretation of sight.
Medial view of primary visual cortex?
Primary visual cortex is separated by the CALCARINE SULCUS
Frontal Association Cortex?
Front lobe of brain used for
- intelligence, mood, personality, behaviour, cognitive function
Parietal association Cortex?
Spacial skills, 3D recognition- shapes faces concepts
Temporal association cortex
MEMORY
Mood, aggression, intelligence
Non dominant Hemisphere (Right)
…and effects of injury
Non-verbal Language (loss of)
Emotional expression/tone (speech lacks emotion)
Spatial skills (spatial disorientation)
Conceptual understanding/ abstract thinking(can’t recognise familiar things)
Artistic/musical skills
(Loss of musical appreciation)
