Lecture 1 - Epithelial Tissue

Question 1

Epithelial cells have relatively little _________? and contain no _________?

Answer 1

Intercellular Matrix/substance

NO Blood vessels

Question 2

Epithelial cells may be derived from which of the 3 germ layers?

Answer 2

ALL 3 endo, meso, ecto

Question 3

Epithelial tissue derived from the Ectoderm forms which tissues?

Answer 3

Tissues of the Epidermis and Glands

Question 4

Epithelial tissue derived from the Endoderm forms which tissues?

Answer 4

Tissues of the Digestive Tract, including Glands

Question 5

Epithelial tissue derived from the Mesoderm forms which tissues?

Answer 5

Tissue lining of blood vessels, mesothelium, Bowman’s capsule

Question 6

Epithelial tissues sit on top of what? which consists of what 2 components?

Answer 6

Basal Membrane, which consists of Basal Lamina and Reticular Lamina

Question 7

5 FACTS to describe the basal lamina

Answer 7

next to the epithelial layer
50-80 nm thick
composed of type IV collagen plus glycoproteins
PAS+
absent in lymph vessels and hepatic sinusoids.

Question 8

Epithelia line and cover all body surfaces except what 3 things

Answer 8

the articular cartilage, the enamel of the tooth, and the anterior surface of the iris.

Question 9

The basic 7 functions of epithelia are:

Answer 9

protection (skin), absorption (small and large intestine), transport of material at the surface (mediated by cilia), secretion (glands), excretion (tubules of the kidneys), gas exchange (lung alveolus), and gliding between surfaces (mesothelium).

Question 10

reticular lamina is located in? and consists of what 3 things? and performs what function?

Answer 10

is in contact with underlying connective tissue. under the basial lamina and part of the basment membrane.
Consists of argyrophilic fibers, reticular fibers and
glycoproteins.
Anchors Basal Lamine to the Connective Tissue.

Question 11

3 Functions of the basement membrane:

Answer 11

• Selective filtration barrier
• Scaffold for embryogenesis and regeneration
• Stabilization of tissue shapes

Question 12

Are Epithelial Tissues Innervated?

Answer 12

yes, they may be. but not always.

Question 13

What tissues are lightly keratinized

Answer 13

Tissues of Esophagus and vagina

Question 14

simple cuboidal cells are most commonly assocatied with which tissues?

Answer 14

kidney, renal tubules

Question 15

the appearance of stratification in pseudostratified columnar epithelium AND transitional epithelium cells is due to?

Answer 15

The nuclei being located at different distances from basal lamina. but in reality all cells touch the basal memb. and therefore the cells are simple.

Question 16

Transitional epithelium is simple or columnar? and is associate with which what part of the body?

Answer 16

Simple.

The urinary track and may be referred to as urothelium.

Question 17

What other unique quality of transitional epithelial cells should be looked for to identify?

Answer 17

They contain dome shaped plaques on their apical surfaces

Question 18

Cilia consist of Assemblies called ________? Which are formed by a _____arrangement? and are connected to a ______ within the _______? which is connected to the cell by ______?

Answer 18

Axonemes
9+2 microtubules doublet
Basal Body
cytoplasm
rootlets

Question 19

Due to the Axonemes arrangement of a cillium, What other structure is most similar to a cillium.

Answer 19

the tail of a sperm or Flagellum.

Question 20

What is unique about the basement membrane, when compared to the Epithelial CELLS connected to it?

Answer 20

The basement membrane is NON cellular

Question 21

Is it the basic function of Epithelial tissues to form a tight barrier to prevent concentration changes?

Answer 21

No, its not a basic function, though it can be a specific function B/C their basic function is to MAINTAIN CONCENTRATION DIFFERENCES, which means, some will be leaky and others tight, depending on the specific needs of the tissue.

Question 22

Simple squamous epithelium forms? and is located?

Answer 22

• Forms walls of alveoli, Bowman’s capsules and inner surfaces of membranous labyrinth and tympanic membrane of the ear
• Lines lumina of ducts, vessels, and other tubular structures

Question 23

Whats unique about the side view of Simple cuboidal epithelium?

Answer 23

• In side view, cells may be low or high (approaching almost squamous or almost columnar).

Question 24

Simple cuboidal cells may have what type of border? and is found on/in?

Answer 24

• May have a brush border (kidney tubules) on apical surface composed of
microvilli
• Found on surface of ovary, pigmented epithelium of retina, kidney tubules,
glands and ducts, terminal bronchioles, choroid plexus, and anterior
capsule of lens of eye.

Question 25

Does the apical surface of Simple columnar epithelium typically contain, microvilli, cilia, or neither?

Answer 25

All 3, depending on the location.
•Microvilli - intestines,(give striated appearance)
AKA: brush border
•Cilia - upper respiratory tract,
uterine tubes, uterus, paranasal sinuses, and the central canal of the spinal cord.
•Non ciliated - digestive tract beginning
with the cardia of the stomach, the gall bladder, and in parts of the excretory ducts of glands.

Question 26

Stratified squamous epithelium types?

Answer 26

Heavily keratinized or

Lightly or non- keratinized

Question 27

Heavily keratinized stratified squamous epithelium is found in the

Answer 27

epidermis with connective tissue papillae and in the cornea without connective tissue papillae.

Question 28

Lightly or non- keratinized stratified squamous epithelium is found in the

Answer 28

esophagus, vagina, lining of the mouth, tongue, and part of the epiglottis.

Question 29

Stratified cuboidal epithelium is found?

Answer 29

• Seldom found, but may occur in small areas of the
anal mucosa,
large excretory ducts of some glands,
male urethra.

Question 30

Stratified columnar epithelium is found?

Answer 30

• Seldom found; occurs in the 
ducts of adult sweat glands, 
fornix of theconjunctiva of the eye, 
male reproductive/urinary tract, 
pharynx,
epiglottis.

Question 31

Pseudostratified epithelium has what 2 types and where are both found?

Answer 31

• Ciliated - trachea.

* stereocilia - epididymis.

Question 32

Stereocilia are similar to ?

Answer 32

microvilli but are longer and are often

branched.

Question 33

2 places in body that require the epithelial tissues to have Leaky barriers?

Answer 33

• Lining of gallbladder

* Proximal convoluted portion of renal tubule