11 osteogenesis and joints Flashcards
In Intramembranous growth, individual Trabeculae enlarge by what general type of bone growth? (locationally)
Appositional growth.
Primary bone tissue formation begins as interstitial process and then soon becomes appositional.
What is the main difference between intramembranous ossification and endochondral ossification?
Intramembranous ossification doesn’t need to begin with Cartilage, but simply is an aggregate of mesenchymal cells that differentiate directly into osteoid-producing osteoblasts. Where endochondral ossification must be cartilage that is replaced with osteocytes.
Mesenchymal cells are what kind of cells and what do they become?
stem cells, or MSCs, are multipotent stromal cells that can differentiate into a variety of cell types,[1] including: osteoblasts (bone cells),[2] chondrocytes (cartilage cells),[3] and adipocytes (fat cells).
•Osteoblasts secrete osteoid, trapping some of the osteoblasts, this process gives rise to the Large encompassing structure called the ____________.
blastema
•Trapped osteoblasts become ___________ and these collectively form whats referred to as a _________ ________ within the bone blastema.
Osteocytes
functional syncytium
Primary bone is formed from a bone blastema with the use of Calcium via what process?
Mineralization
•Mineralization occurs via ________ ions.
calcium
what is Osteoid?
the matrix of the bone
Osteoid includes __________ & __________ proteins
collagen I and non-collagen
Primary ossification center becomes a _____________.
trabecula
Numerous trabeculae fuse together to form ______ ______.
spongy bone
Which cell initiates the modeling of bone tissue?
Osteoclasts
____________ form an epithelial-like covering over the surface of primary bone tissue and can secrete more osteoid on the surface.
Osteoblasts
the mesenchymal cells located near the periosteal surface, condense to form the _____________.
periosteum
Intramembranous bone. aka Membrane bone, usually consists of two layers of ________ ______ enclosing a layer of ______ _____ (diploe).
compact bone
spongy bone
In Intramembranous Bone Formation, Initial bone arrangement is referred to as, _______ bone, as collagen fibers are arranged randomly. Later, arrangement of collagen fibers become aligned and the bone becomes __________. Does this eventually become compact or cancellous bone?
woven
lamellar
Compact
•____________ may become symmetrically arranged around a blood vessel forming an osteon.
Lamellae
The proper name for a complex created by an osteon Is?
(Haversian system).
Osteoblasts organize thin trabeculae of woven bone, forming an IRREGULAR network called ___________ ____________.
primary spongiosa
Another name for spongy bone and/or what does primary spongiosa persist as?
Cancellous bone
does hematopoietic form in Compact or Cancellous bone?
Cancellous
T/F in Endochondral Bone Formation you start with cartilage and then it becomes bone.
False, bone REPLACES Cartilage.
Hypertrophic cartilage cells undergo ____________, leaving behind thin strands of calcified matrix.
apoptosis
T/F its the calcified matrix, left behind from the cartilage that then becomes the bone?
F, Osteoblasts use calcified strands of matrix as substrates for deposition of osteoid, which the osteoid is then what is calcified and becomes bone. NOT the strands of matrix.
