Lecture 1 Flashcards
Level of development
Traditional society Preconditions to take off Take off Drive to maturiteit Age of Mass consumption
Development paradigms
Classical / Neo Classical theories
- modernization, polarization, urbanization
Radical Dependency approaches
- dependency theory, World systems theory
Alternative approaches
- Freedoms of Sen, Participatory development
Difference Aid and Development
US based scholars speak of aid: one way flow of donor to a specific country
European scholars speak of cooperation development:
Two way flow of data and funds which involves the ‘development country’
Post development
Rejection of classical development paradigms
Appraisal of local knowledge and systems
Critical towards dominant scientific discourse
Speech Truman
Seen as the start of the global focus on the development cooperation
ODA - Official Development Assistance
“Those flows to countries and territories on the DAC list of ODA recipients and to multilateral institutions”
which are:
provided by official agencies, including state and local
governments, or by their executive agencies; and
each transaction of which:
• is administered with the promotion of the economic
development and welfare of developing countries as its
main objective; and
• is concessional in character and conveys a grant element of at least 25 per cent.”
OECD-DAC
Has 30 members, more than 170 recipient countries
Amount of ODA
Total amount has grown over the years but it has dropped compared to their GNI. It was agreed it should be 0.7 percent of GNI. Countries like Holland make it but count military ‘aid’ as aid as well.
Different forms of aid
Type of aid Aim Time span Prime focus Targets
Structural VS incidental
Development - emergency / disaster relief
Long term - short term
Economic - humanitarian
Poor countries - disasters / conflicts
Reasons for development
Political
Economical
Altruism (moral duty)
Security
The aid critic
Book by Linda polman ‘the crisis caravan’ who gave examples of situations where aid prolonged the crisis situation
Changing face of international development cooperation
Economic crisis Critical publications: the Aid critic Performance of aid: what works? Emergence of new actors The voice of the south
