Lecture 1

Question 1

Where was the Roman empire in relation to Rus?

Answer 1

The west

Question 2

Where was the Byzantine empire in relation to Rus?

Answer 2

The south

Question 3

Where were the Khazars in relation to Rus?

Answer 3

The east

Question 4

Who were the Varangians?

Answer 4

Scandinavian Vikings

Question 5

What did the Varangians trade? What did they trade them for?

Answer 5

Fur, wax, slaves and honey. Exchanged to silver, luxury goods, corn, wine and silk

Question 6

When was Kievan Rus established?

Answer 6

862

Question 7

Where was it centered?

Answer 7

Kyiv

Question 8

Which dynasty ruled the Slavic tribes?

Answer 8

Riurik

Question 9

What is the word for the assembly of citizens?

Answer 9

Novgorod

Question 10

What is the word for the ‘special armoured group’?

Answer 10

Druzhina

Question 11

When was Byzantine Christianity adopted?

Answer 11

988

Question 12

Give 3 examples of changes made by the conversion

Answer 12

• marriages between royals
• divine rule
• no practice of blood feuds

Question 13

What was the code of laws called?

Answer 13

Russkaya Pravda

Question 14

Name 2 succesfull leaders of Kiev

Answer 14

• Yaroslav the Wise

- Vladimir Monomakh

Question 15

In which century did Germans and Mongols invade?

Answer 15

13th century

Question 16

When was the fall of Kiev?

Answer 16

1248

Question 17

What were the outcomes of the Mongol Invasion?

Answer 17

• disappearance of artefacts

- Orthodox church exempted from taxes

Question 18

When did Petr go to Moscow?

Answer 18

1322

Question 19

When did Petr die?

Answer 19

1326

Question 20

When did Ivan III rule Moscow?

Answer 20

1462- 1505

Question 21

What did Ivan III achieve?

Answer 21

• absolute autocracy

- overthrew Mongols

Question 22

What is ‘votchiny’?

Answer 22

Ownership and authority of patrimonial estates

Question 23

What was a ‘boyar’?

Answer 23

A person who had rights to access the grand court

Question 24

Who were the ‘namestniki’?

Answer 24

The prince’s envoys in provinces

Question 25

What was ‘kormlenie’?

Answer 25

Taxation and control over territories

Question 26

When did the Orthodox church split?

Answer 26

Mid- 15th century

Question 27

When did Constantinople fall to Ottoman Turks?

Answer 27

1453

Question 28

When did Ivan IV (the terrible) become Tsar?

Answer 28

1547

Question 29

What did Ivan IV achieve?

Answer 29

• serfom
• reforms with administration
• 1556 landholders had to provide equipped soldiers when Tsar asked for them
• alliance with Cossacks (‘free men’) to protect southern border
• conquered Kazan
• started colonisation of Siberia
• trade agreements with England

Question 30

What did Ivan lose?

Answer 30

Routes to the sea and major cities due to conflicts with Baltic states

Question 31

When were the ‘Time of Troubles’?

Answer 31

1598-1613

Question 32

When was Fedor (Ivan’s son) enthroned?

Answer 32

1584

Question 33

What happened during the ‘Time of Troubles’?

Answer 33

• peasant revolts
• conflict surrounding succession to throne
• attempts at foreign control by Poland and Sweden

Question 34

When was Mikhail Romanov appointed Tsar?

Answer 34

February 1613, at the ‘Council of the Land’

Question 35

What did Mikhail Romanov aim to do?

Answer 35

Increase land (towards Siberia). Restore serfdom.

Question 36

When were the salt riots? Why did they happen?

Answer 36

1648, due to high taxation

Question 37

What happened in 1653? Who was ruling?

Answer 37

Schism of Russian Orthodox Church. Tsar Aleksey.