Lecture 1

Question 1

Within subject design

Answer 1

use of one group that receives all levels of the IV (manipulation)

Question 2

Repeated measures design

Answer 2

The repeated measures design uses the same subjects with every condition of the research, including the control.

Question 3

Theory

Answer 3

an idea or thought that arose from general principles that is intended to explain something, usually the relationship between variables

Question 4

Independent variable

Answer 4

The construct, experimental manipulation, intervention or factor whose impact will be evaluated in the investigation

Question 5

Dependent variable

Answer 5

the variable on the outcome of interest

Question 6

Moderator

Answer 6

an outside (3rd) variable that strengthens or weakens the relationship btw x and y

Question 7

Mediator

Answer 7

explains why the relationship exists

Question 8

Hypothesis

Answer 8

predicted statement about what you expect to find to test theories and must be able to test empirically

Question 9

Predictor variable

Answer 9

the independent variable

Question 10

Outcome variable

Answer 10

Dependent variable

Question 11

What must be shown in order to prove causality?

Answer 11

Cause occurred before effect, cause and effect have to co-vary (if cause is present, effect is present, and vice versa), must be no other plausible explanation

Question 12

environmental or situational(IV)

Answer 12

What is done to, with, or by the subjects. Providing qualitatively different conditions to the subjects.
ie.) Treatment vs. no treatment
OR
more treatment for some subjects and less for others

Question 13

instructional(IV)

Answer 13

Variations in what the participants are told or lead to believe through verbal or written statements about the experiment and their participation.

Question 14

subject or individual difference variables(IV)

Answer 14

Attributes or characteristics of individual subjects. Encompasses characteristics to which the subjects may be exposed (ie. environment, context, living conditions).

Question 15

Efficacy research

Answer 15

determines whether an intervention works (produces the expected results) as intended under ideal circumstances (e.g. lab setting) More concerned with internal validity.

Question 16

Effectiveness research:

Answer 16

measure the degree of beneficial effect under “real world” clinical settings. Deals more with generalizability.

Question 17

between-groups design:

Answer 17

minimum of 2 groups, one treatment group that receives an intervention and one that does not and serves as a control. In this design ther investigator would compare the two groups throughout the study