Lecture 1 Flashcards
LO: What is Philosophy?
- The study of knowledge
- “Thinking about thinking”
- Our connection between our thoughts and our reality
LO: Health Nomenclature
- Primum Non Nocere
- Structure and function
- Vitalism and mechanism
- Holism vs Reductionism
- Pathogenesis vs Salutogenesis
Metaphysics
Study of Existence
Epistemology
Study of Knowledge
Ethics
Study of Action
Politics
Study of Force
Aesthetics
Study of Art
Primum Non Nocere
First, do not harm!
Structure and Function
- Intimatley related in nature and in design
- Structuralist has a mechanist viewpoint
- Functionalist is concerned with your ability to perform
Vitalism
Accepts that all living organisms are sustained by a vital force this is both different, from, and greater than physical and chemical forces.
Vitalism in extreme form, the vital force could be considered?
Supernatural
Vis Medicatric Naturae
The healing power of nature
Holism
Postulates that health is related to the balanced integration of the individual in all aspects and levels being:
- Body
- Mind
Spirit
Reductionism
- Complex problems are solvable by dividng them into smaller parts
- Assumes that if you can understand the function of the part that you will understand the function of the whole
Pathogenesis
Development of morbid conditions or of disease; more specifically the cellular events and reactions.
Salutogenesis
An approach focusing on factor that support human health and well being rather than on factors that cause disease.
The 3 Pillars of Chiropractic
- Science
- Study of patterns, processes and mechanisms of reality - Art
- Skillful action based on knowledge and understanding directed toward achieving a specific objective. - Philosophy
- Study of the laws and causes underlying reality, leading to an understanding of its fundamental nature.
When was the first chiropractic adjustment?
September 18, 1895
Chiropractic Nomencalture
- Universal intelligence
- Innate intelligence
- Adjustment vs Manipulation
- Vertebral Subluxation
What is intelligence?
- Wisdom/knowledge
- Basic eternal quality of divine mind
- Ability to apply knowledge, respond to one’s environment or to think abstractly as measured by objective criteria.
Universal Principle (#1)
A Universal Intelligence is in all
matter and continually gives to it
its properties and actions
Innate
- About biological organisation
- Innate intelligence is that component of universal intelligence which sub-serves living matter
Examples of Innate Intelligence
- Body temperature regulation
- Blood glucose control
- Blood pressure regulation
- Body water balance
- Regulation of calcium levels
- Regulation of pH
Adjustment
The application of force, for the purpose of reducing subluxation
Manipulation
The application of force either directly or indirectly for the separation of two continuous articular surfaces.
Dis-ease
- Not a condition of matter, but a state of matter.
- The absence of something: Ease, Order, Wellbeing….
Disease
- A state in which certain signs and symptoms appear; are
categorised to establish a diagnosis, which then directs treatment. - The presence of something: symptoms, pathology…..
The 3 Ts that cause subluxations
- Truama
- Toxins
- Thoughts
What is the origin of the word “philosophy”?
It comes from the Greek word phílosophía, meaning “the love of wisdom.”
How can philosophy be defined in practice?
It provides a structured way of thinking that connects thoughts to reality and helps guide decision-making.
What are the five classical branches of philosophy?
Metaphysics – Study of existence
Epistemology – Study of knowledge
Ethics – Study of action
Politics – Study of force
Aesthetics – Study of art
According to Ayn Rand, why does everyone need a philosophy?
Because without one, people accumulate random beliefs that may contradict each other, leading to confusion and self-doubt.
Why is philosophy important in general?
It helps refine how we think, improving our ability to reason, act wisely, and enhance the quality of life.
How does philosophy help scientists, according to Thomas Kuhn?
It helps them unlock problems in their field, especially during times of crisis.
Why is philosophy essential in healthcare?
It provides a foundation for ethical practice, patient care, and decision-making.
How does philosophy create a foundation for chiropractic?
It establishes chiropractic as a separate and distinct profession with its own guiding principles.
What are the three pillars of chiropractic?
- Philosophy – Understanding the fundamental nature of health
- Science – Studying how the body functions
- Art – Applying hands-on techniques
What was R.W. Stephenson’s definition of chiropractic in 1927?
“Chiropractic is a philosophy, science, and art of things natural; a system of adjusting the segments of the spinal column by hand only, for the correction of the cause of dis-ease.”
How does “Innate Intelligence” relate to chiropractic?
It refers to the body’s inherent ability to heal and regulate itself.
What is the chiropractic approach to disease?
Chiropractic focuses on removing interference (subluxations) to allow the body to function optimally rather than just treating symptoms.
What does “Primum Non Nocere” mean?
“First, do no harm” – a guiding principle in healthcare.
What is the difference between pathogenesis and salutogenesis?
Pathogenesis focuses on the origins of disease and how to treat it.
Salutogenesis focuses on factors that promote health and well-being.
What is vis medicatrix naturae?
The healing power of nature – the body’s natural ability to restore itself.
What is the difference between holism and reductionism?
Holism views the body as an interconnected system where the whole is greater than the sum of its parts.
Reductionism breaks the body down into individual components for study and treatment.
How is “subluxation” defined in chiropractic?
A misalignment of the spine that disrupts nervous system function, affecting overall health.
What is the difference between an “adjustment” and “manipulation” in chiropractic?
Adjustment is a precise application of force to correct subluxations.
Manipulation is a broader term for joint movement, often used in physical therapy.
What are the “3 T’s” – potential causes of subluxation?
Trauma – Physical stress or injury
Toxins – Chemical imbalances
Thoughts – Emotional and mental stress
What is Philosophy?
The study of fundamental nature of knowledge, reality, and existence.
Why do we have a philosophy of chiropractic?
It provides a framework for understanding health, healing, and patient care.
What is Chiropractic Philosophy?
A vitalistic approach to health emphasizing the body’s self-healing abilities through the nervous system.
Vitalism and Mechanism
Vitalism: Belief in a life force beyond physical and chemical processes.
Mechanism: View that the body functions like a machine, governed by physical laws.
Holism
Treating the body as an interconnected whole rather than separate parts.
Reductionism
Breaking complex systems into smaller parts for understanding.
Pathogenesis
Process by which a disease or disorder develops
Salutogenesis
Focus on factors that support health and well-being rather than disease.
Universal Intelligence
A guiding intelligence in all things, influencing health and function.
Innate Intelligence
The body’s inborn ability to regulate and heal itself.
Adjustment
A precise, controlled force applied to restore proper spinal alignment and function.
Manipulation
A general manual technique to move joints for pain relief or function.
Vertebral Subluxation
Misalignment of spinal vertebrae affecting nervous system function.
