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Agriculture informatics > Lecture 1 > Flashcards

Lecture 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is informatics?

A

The science of processing data for storage, retrieval, and communication.

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2
Q

What are the three core components of informatics?

A

Data, Information, and Knowledge.

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3
Q

What is data in informatics?

A

Raw, unprocessed facts and figures, e.g., names, numbers, dates.

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4
Q

What is information in informatics?

A

Processed data that is meaningful and useful, e.g., a sales report.

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5
Q

What is knowledge in informatics?

A

The application of information to make decisions, e.g., analyzing sales trends.

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6
Q

Why is informatics important?

A

It enables efficient data processing, improves decision-making, and facilitates communication.

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7
Q

What are the three historical milestones in informatics?

A
  1. Pre-Computer Era: Manual data handling. 2. Computerization Era: Mainframes and personal computers. 3. Modern Informatics: AI, cloud computing, and big data.
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8
Q

What characterized the Pre-Computer Era in informatics?

A

Manual data handling using ledgers, files, and handwritten records.

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9
Q

What characterized the Computerization Era in informatics?

A

Introduction of mainframes and personal computers for data processing.

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10
Q

What characterizes Modern Informatics?

A

Advanced technologies like cloud computing, AI, and big data analytics.

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11
Q

What is structured data?

A

Data organized into rows and columns, e.g., databases, spreadsheets.

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12
Q

What is unstructured data?

A

Data that does not follow a predefined format, e.g., images, videos.

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13
Q

What is semi-structured data?

A

A mix of structured and unstructured data, e.g., XML files, JSON files.

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14
Q

Why is structured data easier to process?

A

It follows a predefined format, making it suitable for relational databases.

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15
Q

What challenges are associated with unstructured data?

A

It requires advanced processing tools like AI to extract meaningful information.

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16
Q

What are three key applications of informatics in healthcare?

A

Electronic Health Records (EHRs), telemedicine, and AI-based diagnostics.

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17
Q

What are two applications of informatics in business?

A

Data-driven decision-making and Customer Relationship Management (CRM).

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18
Q

How is informatics used in education?

A

E-learning platforms and student performance tracking.

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19
Q

How is informatics applied in government?

A

E-governance and public data management.

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20
Q

How does social media use informatics?

A

Analyzing user data for targeted advertising.

21
Q

What is a database in informatics?

A

A system to store and retrieve data efficiently, e.g., SQL, NoSQL.

22
Q

What is a network in informatics?

A

Connecting devices for data sharing, e.g., LAN, WAN, Internet.

23
Q

What is cloud computing?

A

On-demand access to computing resources, e.g., AWS, Google Cloud.

24
Q

What is big data?

A

Handling large volumes of complex data, e.g., using Hadoop or Spark.

25
Q

What is the role of AI in informatics?

A

Automating tasks and deriving insights, e.g., predictive analytics, recommendation systems.

26
Q

How does Hadoop help in informatics?

A

By processing and storing large volumes of complex data.

27
Q

What are the challenges in informatics?

A

Data privacy, data security, ethical concerns, and interoperability.

28
Q

What is data privacy in informatics?

A

Protecting sensitive information from breaches.

29
Q

What is data security in informatics?

A

Implementing measures to prevent unauthorized access.

30
Q

What are the ethical concerns in informatics?

A

Responsible use of AI and data analytics, preventing misuse and biases.

31
Q

What is interoperability in informatics?

A

Ensuring systems and technologies work seamlessly together.

32
Q

What characterized manual data handling in the pre-computer era?

A

Data was recorded and processed using handwritten files and ledgers.

33
Q

What was the significance of mainframes in the computerization era?

A

Mainframes allowed faster and more efficient data processing compared to manual methods.

34
Q

What are three future trends in informatics?

A
  1. Expansion of AI applications. 2. Growth in edge computing. 3. Adoption of quantum computing.
35
Q

How can informatics improve decision-making?

A

Through predictive analytics and better insights.

36
Q

What are three applications of informatics in healthcare for the future?

A

Personalized medicine, improved patient care, and real-time monitoring.

37
Q

What is the difference between data, information, and knowledge?

A

Data: Raw facts. Information: Processed data. Knowledge: Use of information for decisions.

38
Q

What is an example of structured data?

A

Databases or spreadsheets.

39
Q

What is an example of unstructured data?

A

Images, videos, or social media content.

40
Q

What is an example of semi-structured data?

A

XML files or JSON files.

41
Q

What is the importance of informatics in education?

A

It enables e-learning and tracks student performance effectively.

42
Q

What is the role of informatics in e-governance?

A

Managing public data and improving service delivery.

43
Q

What are targeted advertisements in social media?

A

Ads based on user data analysis using informatics.

44
Q

What is predictive analytics?

A

A data-driven approach to forecast trends and behaviors.

45
Q

What is the role of informatics in AI-based diagnostics?

A

Helping identify diseases and recommend treatments using data.

46
Q

What is the main purpose of cloud computing?

A

To provide on-demand access to computing resources.

47
Q

What is LAN in informatics?

A

Local Area Network, connecting devices within a small area.

48
Q

What is edge computing?

A

Real-time data processing at the source or near the source.

49
Q

What is the significance of interoperability?

A

It ensures seamless interaction between different systems and technologies.

Agriculture informatics (8 decks)

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