Lecture 1

Question 1

What are the 4 main testing concepts?

Answer 1

Question, Method, Results, and Interpretation.

Question 2

Define Reliability.

Answer 2

The consistency or repeatability of an observation under the same conditions.

Question 3

Define Validity and give the 3 characteristics that it is dependent on.

Answer 3

Validity is the degree of truthfulness of a test score. The 3 characteristics are:

1. Reliability (Cannot have validity without reliability, but can have reliability without validity)
2. Relevance
3. Appropriateness of scores

Question 4

Define Construct.

Answer 4

Theoretical representation of a characteristic of people.

Question 5

Describe a Direct Test and give an example.

Answer 5

Measures the actual construct of interest. An example would be testing VO2max and measuring using a maximum oxygen uptake machine.

Question 6

Describe an Indirect Test and give an example.

Answer 6

Measure a construct known to be related to the actual construct of interest. An example would be predicting VO2max from a Leger’s 20m shuttle run.

Question 7

Define Test Battery.

Answer 7

A serious of tests put together to answer a question

Question 8

Define Criterion score and provide three methods for obtaining criterion measures.

Answer 8

The measure used to indicate a person's ability.
Methods for obtaining measures:
-Actual Participation
-Known Valid Criterion
-Expert Judges

Question 9

What are the two types of reliability? Describe them.

Answer 9

Stability
- scores do not change across days
- Used to calculate a stability reliability coefficient
Internal-consistency
- Evaluator gives at least two trials of the test within a day
-Changes in the score between trials indicates poor reliability
- Benefit: All measurements are taken within the same day

Question 10

Name 3 factors that contribute to low stability.

Answer 10

• The people tested may perform differently (the participant)
• The measuring instrument may operate or be applied differently (the equipment)
• The person administering the measurement may change (The tester)

Question 11

List 7 factors that affect reliability.

SNITTES

Answer 11

• Scoring accuracy
• Number of test trials
• Test difficulty
• Instructions
• Testing Environment
• Equipment
• State of mind of person being tested

Question 12

The internal-consistency reliability coefficient is not comparable to the stability reliability coefficient. Why?

Answer 12

Because the IC reliability coefficient is almost always higher

Question 13

What is objectivity?

Answer 13

Rater/judge reliability

Question 14

What are the factors affecting objectivity?

Answer 14

-The clarity of the scoring system and the degree to which the judge can assign score accurately

Question 15

Can a test be valid if it is not reliable?

Answer 15

No

Question 16

What does validity find valid?

Answer 16

The interpretation based on the the test scores are what is valid.

Question 17

What do you need to have validity?

Answer 17

The test must be reliable and relevant

Question 18

What are the 4 types of validity evidence?

Answer 18

1. Logical (Face validity)
   - No statistical evidence involved
2. Content
   - very subjective
   - No statistical evidence involved.
3. Criterion (statistical or correlation validity)
4. Construct

Question 19

What are the subdivisions of criterion-related evidence?

Answer 19

Concurrent validity (same time) and predictive validity (in the future)

Question 20

When should the preliminary instructions be provided to the client?

Answer 20

48 hours

Question 21

What are two things you should check for with the equipment before the test is administered?

Answer 21

Ensure calibration and check equipment for safety and proper function

Question 22

Why screen?

Answer 22

-Professional, Legal, and ethical

Question 23

What 5 items should you include in the screening?

Answer 23

1. PAR-Q
2. Consent Form
3. Observations
4. Resting HR measurements
5. Resting BP measurements

Question 24

How often should equipment be calibrated?

Answer 24

every 6 months

Question 25

What is calibration?

Answer 25

A comparison between measurements.

On is of known magnitude (Standard) and one of unknown magnitude (test instrument)

Question 26

When does Consequential validity happen?

Answer 26

Occurs when group differences in test scores occur because of a bias or measuring additional skills that are not part of the construct

Question 27

Construct Underreprensentation, What is it?

Answer 27

It is when a construct is described too narrowly.

Question 28

Name three characteristics of a good norm value.

Answer 28

• values published by a reputable source
• Test administered by certified individuals
• Type of test and protocol used
• Definition of population being compared to
• Demographics of population being compared

Question 29

Considering the cycle ergometer, how many kpm in a joule?

Answer 29

0.102 kpm per joule

Question 30

What are the equations for work and Power?

Answer 30

work = force x distance
Power = work/time

Question 31

How many kpm/min are there in a watt?

Answer 31

6.12 kpm/min/watt

Question 32

Name the two ways of measuring Energy Expenditure.

Answer 32

Direct calorimetry and Indirect calorimetry

Question 33

What is the equation for percent net efficiency during cycle ergometry?

Answer 33

% net efficiency = [work output/ energy expended (above rest)] x 100%

Question 34

How many kpm/min in a kJ?

Answer 34

101.8 kpm/min = 1 kJ

Question 35

What is the relationship between work rate and energy expenditure?

Answer 35

curvilinear