Lecture 1

Question 1

What is biological psychology ?

Answer 1

A field of study that relates behaviour to the physical body, especially the brain

Question 2

What are the levels of analysis ?

Answer 2

• Social
• Organ
• Neural systems
• Brain region
• Ciruit
• Cellular
• Synaptic
• Molecular

Question 3

What is monoism?

Answer 3

mental activity and certain types of brain activity are inseparable

Question 4

What is the physiological approach to behaviour ?

Answer 4

Relates a behaviour to the activity of the brain and other organs

Question 5

What is the ontogenetic approach to behaviour ?

Answer 5

Describes how something develops

Question 6

What is the evolutionary appraoch to behaviour ?

Answer 6

Reconstructs the evolutionaty history of a structure or behaviour

Question 7

What is the functional approach to behaviour ?

Answer 7

Describes why a structure or behaviour evolved as it did

Question 8

What is the cell membrane ?

Answer 8

Seperates the inside of the cell from the outside environment

Question 9

What is the nucleus ?

Answer 9

contains the chromosomes/DNA

Question 10

What is the endoplasmic reticulum ?

Answer 10

Network of thin tubes that transports newly synthesized proteins to their location

Question 11

What are ribosomes ?

Answer 11

Sites at which the cell synthesizes new protein molecules

Question 12

What is the mitochondrion ?

Answer 12

Performs metabolic activities and provides energy that the cell requires

Question 13

What are neurons ?

Answer 13

Receive information and transmit it to other cells

Question 14

What are dendrites ?

Answer 14

Short extensions that pass nerve impulses toward the cell body

receives information

Question 15

What is the cell body ?

Answer 15

the spherical part of the neuron that contains the nucleus

processes and integrates information

Question 16

What is a axon ?

Answer 16

A long extension of the neuron that passes nerve impulses away from the cell body

carries information across long distances from one part of the neuron to another

Question 17

What is a axon terminal ?

Answer 17

Transmits information to another neuron

Question 18

What is the myelin sheath ?

Answer 18

Insulating material

helps with speed of transmission

Question 19

What are Nodes of Ranvier?

Answer 19

Short specialized regions of axon that are not insulated by myelin

Propagate electrical signal

Question 20

What is a motor neuron ?

Answer 20

Conducts impulses along its axon to a muscle or gland

Question 21

What is a sensory neuron ?

Answer 21

Specialized at one end to be highly sensitive to a particular type of stimulation ( touch, light, sound, etc)

Question 22

What does a afferent axon do ?

Answer 22

It brings information into a structure

sensory neuron

Question 23

What does a efferent axon do ?

Answer 23

It carries information away from a structure

motor neuron

Question 24

What is a interneuron/intrinsic neuron

Answer 24

If a cell’s dendrites and axon are entirely contained within a single structure

Question 25

What does astrocytes do ?

Answer 25

• Helps synchronize the activity of the axon by wrapping around the presynaptic terminal and taking up chemicals released by the axon
• Responsible for dilating blood vessels to bring more nutrients into brain areas with heightened activity

Question 26

What does microgalia do ?

Answer 26

• Remove waste material, viruses, and fungi from the brain
• Also remove dead, dying, or damaged neurons

Question 27

What do oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells do ?

Answer 27

Build the myelin sheath that surrounds and insulates certain vertebrate axons

Question 28

What does a radial glia do ?

Answer 28

Guide the migration of neurons and the growth of their axons and dendrites during embryonic development

Question 29

What is the blood-brain barrier ?

Answer 29

A mechanism that surrounds the brain and blocks most chemicals from entering