lecture 1 Flashcards
when are babies are considered as term babies
38 to 42 weeks
whats a normal motor development
a development in accordance to human norms
what is a typical motor development
a group with certain characteristics
what does maturation theory explain about and what the other name for it
Also known as HIERARCHIAL MODEL, it is a theory that explains that mental and motor development of all fetuses, infants and childrens occurs in sequential manner.
what does behavioral theory imply
it imply on action reaction principle and shows that environmental conditions plays role.
dynamic theory
explains that development is not only caused by CNS but also intrinsics and extrinsic factors
extrinsic factors
diseases
culture
intrinsic factors
hereditary
gestational nutrition
what are central pattern generators CPG
are cell group that show special and rhythmic oscillation in most of vertebrae and are active without the need of peripheral input
what the other name for CPG
neural oscillators and they show spontaneous oscillation.
what is the first motor behaviors
reflexes
why motor development is necessary
-controlling body against gravity
-to keep body center of gravity within support surface
-allow inter and intra segmental movements required
what are the three parameters to rise above the prone
- pelvic stabilization
- head lifting with extensor control against G in cephalocaudal direction
- movements of upper extremities outside neonatal position
what indicates early anti-gravity control
prone head control
what a pivot prone
when a baby sleeps on stomach on surface and arm and legs extended
-usually at 5 months
- contributes to scapular and pelvic mobility
Quadripedal position
like walking with all limbs aka crawling
-weight on the hand
- happens with abduction and external rotation of lower extremities
-balance must be obtain between trunk flexion and extension
what are the stages of prone locomotion
Scooting
Crawling
Pivoting
Rotation
Crawling
Plantigrade crawling
scooting
it is like crawling but with the abdominal inContact with surface,
about rotation
it is rolling which usually seen around 6 months
-segmental which has body correction reaction
-non- segmental which has neck correction reaction
crawling
quadripedal walking with no abdominal contact with surface can happen with
- non - reciprocal ie no trunk rotation and
-reciprocal and contralateral crawl ie opposite rotation
what is asymmetric tonic neck reflex
occurs when you turn head to one side the extremities of that side are flexed while the opposite are extended.
It appears as stereotype at 1 month
when head can be at midline
loss of ATNR
When cervical flexors works as antigravity muscles
