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traditional chinese medicine > Lecture 1 > Flashcards

Lecture 1 Flashcards

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Chinese (Mandarin) flashcards
1
Q

What is TCM?

A

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is an ancient and
natural form of healing that recognizes the inseparable
relationship of body, mind and Spirit and Nature.
- Traditional Chinese Medicine World Foundation

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2
Q

what concepts define TCM?

A

Concepts of harmony and dynamic balance from
observing nature

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3
Q

when do acupuncture and Chinese herbal remedies date back to?

A

at least 2200 (3000-5000) years.

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4
Q

when was the Shang dynasty and what were the archeological findings?

A
  • 1000 BCE.
  • acupuncture needles and divination bones with medical problems engraved.
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5
Q

what is the earliest known record of TCM?

A

The Huang Di Nei Jing (the yellow emperor’s inner classic) from the 3rd century BCE.

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6
Q

When were the 5 elements described (wu xing)

A
  • 1000-770 BC.
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7
Q

what was th earliest reference to Ying and Yang?

A

Book of Changes (yi jing) 700 BC.

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8
Q

What concepts were established in Han Dynasty from 206 BCE - 220 CE)?

A
  • Ying and yang.
  • 5 elements.
  • channel theory.
  • pharmacopeia.
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9
Q

when were the medical classic foundations of TCM written?

A
  • by the fourth century CE
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10
Q

What are the principles of TCM?

A
  • your body is integrated as a whole.
  • connection to nature.
  • innate self-healing capacity.
  • prevention is the best cure.
  • holism
  • balance.
  • prevention.
  • pattern differentiation
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11
Q

what is holism:

A
  • Your body is integrated as a whole.
    Every part of the body is integral to the whole. Mind, emotions, spirit, and the physical body are interconnected and can influence each other in the interrelated system
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12
Q

What does balance refer to?

A
  • Connection to Nature
    TCM takes into consideration the particular season, geographical location, time of
    day, as well as your age, genetics, and the condition of your body.
  • Innate self-healing capacity
    The body has a microcosm that reflects the macrocosm.
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13
Q

What does prevention refer to?

A

Prevention is the best cure.
The body is continually expressing signs about the state of our health, from the tongue and pulse to signs and symptoms. TCM teaches us how to interpret what the body is trying to say.

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14
Q

What does TCM treat?

A

TCM treats the patient NOT the disease. TCM may
treat the same disorder differently and in different
disorders the same way.

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15
Q

what observations are TCM based on?

A

nature, people’s emotions and lifestyles.

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16
Q

What is Ying and Yang?

A

AKA. The Taiji
The concept of Yin-Yang is probably the single most
important and distinctive theory of Chinese medicine
All Chinese medical physiology. pathology and treatment
can, eventually, be reduced to Yin-Yang.

17
Q

What does yin mean?

A

overcast weather; feminine; moon; cloudy; negative electrical charge; shady.
- material.
- produces form.
- grows.
- matter.
- contraction.
- descending.
- below.
- water.
- female.

18
Q

what does yang mean?

A

positive electrical charge; sun.
- immaterial.
- produces energy.
- generates.
- energy.
- expansion.
- rising.
- above.
- fire.
- male.

19
Q

What are the functions of yin?

A
  • cooling, nourishing.
  • provide space for rest.
  • the substance that is moved.
  • creates the space for conception.
20
Q

what are the functions of yang?

A
  • warming.
  • transforms.
    -protects.
  • moves.
    -holds.
  • creates the spark for conception.
21
Q

what does yin represent in medicine?

A
  • female.
  • cold.
  • heavy.
  • obscured.
  • earth.
  • night.
  • downward and inward movement.
  • Autumn and winter.
  • lower body.
  • interior.
  • abdomen.
22
Q

what does yang represent in medicine?

A
  • male.
  • hot.
  • light.
  • radiant.
  • heaven.
  • day.
  • upward and outward movement.
  • spring and summer.
  • upper body.
  • exterior.
  • back.
23
Q

what is yin to yang?

A

yin is the material basis for yang.

24
Q

what is yang to yin?

A

yang is the functional manifestation of yin.

25
Q

what are the 4 aspects/concepts of yin/yang?

A
  1. opposition.
  2. interdependence.
  3. mutual consumption.
  4. inter-transformation.
26
Q

what does opposition mean?

A
  • yin and yang are relatively opposite.
  • never exactly 50/50.
  • always changing to maintain homeostasis.
  • even if something is yin it contains yang as well.
27
Q

what does interdependence refer to?

A
  • cannot exist without the other.
  • cannot have activity without having rest.
  • the amount of activity we have is dependent on the amount of rest we get.
28
Q

what does mutual consumption refer to?

A
  • too much of one depleting the other- too much yin depletes yang and vice versa.
  • not enough of one will show more of the other, and not enough yang will look similar to too much yin.
29
Q

what happens when we have too much yang?

A
  • we have to reduce yang we do not increase yin.
30
Q

what happens if we have too much yin?

A
  • we have to reduce the amount of yin we do not increase yang.
31
Q

what happens if we have too little yin?

A
  • we have to increase yin we do not reduce yang.
32
Q

what happens if we have too little yang?

A
  • we have to increase yang we do not decrease yin
33
Q

what is inter-transformation?

A
  • yin and yang transform into each other.
  • awake into sleep, life into death, summer into winter.
  • occurs when the timing is right.
  • example; the female menstrual cycle; follicular phase into the luteal phase.
34
Q

What is excess yin characterized by?

A
  • excess yin produces cold symptoms.
  • abdominal pain gets better with warmth.
  • dysmenorrhea gets better with warmth.
  • local pain is better with heat.
  • chills.
35
Q

what is yang deficiency characterized by?

A
  • too little yang can start to look like excess yin.
  • decreased yang produces cold symptoms.
  • tired after a bowel movement.
  • low libido.
  • edema.
  • fatigue.
36
Q

what is yin deficiency characterized by?

A
  • too little yin can start to look like too much yang.
  • decrease in yin produces heat symptoms.
  • red cheeks.
  • dry stools.
  • anxiety at night.
  • night sweats.
  • hot flushes.
  • 5 centre heat.
  • thirst for cold drinks in sips.
37
Q

what is yang excess characterized by?

A
  • Excess Yang produces heat symptoms
  • Feeling hot all-day
  • Red face
  • Thirst for cold drinks (gulps)

traditional chinese medicine (6 decks)

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