Lecture 1

Question 1

What is Selective toxicity?

Answer 1

the ability to kill an invading microorganism without harming the host cells

Question 2

Patient factors for antibiotic use

Answer 2

Age
weight 
Allergies 
Genetics
Sex
Renal and hepatic function
Current medications

Question 3

Drug Factors (4)

Answer 3

1. ) Cidal vs Static
2. ) Spectrum
3. ) Pharmacokinetics
4. ) Side effects/ Drug interactions

Question 4

What are the different areas of the cell that antibiotics affect?

Answer 4

1. ) Cell wall/membrane
2. ) Inhibit Metabolism
3. ) Inhibit protein synthesis
4. ) Inhibit Nucleic acid function/ synthesis

Question 5

Narrow spectrum

Answer 5

only against a single or a limited group of microorganisms,

Question 6

Extended Spectrum

Answer 6

against G+ organisms and also against a significant number of G- bacteria

Question 7

Broad Spectrum

Answer 7

• affect a wide variety of microbial species.

– change the normal bacterial flora

Question 8

Bactericidal Antibiotics (4)

Answer 8

1. ) β -lactam agents
2. ) Aminoglycosides
3. ) Co-trimoxazole
4. ) Vancomycin

Question 9

Bacteriostatic Antibiotics (5)

Answer 9

1. ) Erythromycin
2. ) Tetracyclines
3. ) Chloramphenicol
4. )Sulfonamides
5. ) Trimethoprim

Question 10

Bacteriostatic

Answer 10

Arrest the growth and replication of bacteria

• limit the spread of infection while the body’s immune system attacks, immobilizes, and eliminates the pathogens.

Question 11

Bacteriocidal

Answer 11

kill bacteria at drug serum levels achievable in the patient.
- often drugs of choice in seriously ill patients.

Question 12

What are the 4 main goals when treating a patient with an antibiotic?

Answer 12

Treat the patient with a single antibiotic that is

1. ) Most specific
2. ) Reduces chance of superinfection
3. ) Decreases emergence of resistant organisms
4. ) Minimizes toxicity

Question 13

Can you combine bactericidal and bacteriostatic?

Answer 13

NO

Cidal with cidal or Static with Static

Question 14

Bactericidal selectively interferes with____?

Answer 14

Synthesis of cell wall