Lecture 1: 11 Systems of the Body Flashcards
Cardiovascular System components
heart, blood vessels, blood
Integumentary system organ components
cutaneous membrane, hair follicles, sebaceous glands, sweat glands, nails, sensory receptors, hypodermis
Purpose of integumentary system
protects body, regulates body temp, eliminates waste, makes vit D, stores fat, detects sensation, insulation
Skeletal system is made from which components
Axial, Appendicular, bones, cartilage, joints
What is axial skeleton
Core structures that support body weight and protect sensory organs
What is appendicular skeleton
limbs enables movement of the axial skeleton, supports internal organs
Bone contains
red marrow that produce red blood cells and yellow marrow that stores fat
Two functions of the skeletal system
provide SA for muscle attachment, support and protect
Muscular system 4 components
axial, appendicular, skeletal, tendon, aponeuroses
Skeletal muscle function
skeletal movement, controls entry and exits to digestive,urinary & respiratory system, generates heat, supports the skeleton
Axial muscle
6 pack provide support of the axial skeleton
Appendicular muscle
support, move and brace limbs
Tendons
muscle to bone, translating contractile force to tasks
Aponeuroses
muscle to muscle connection
Nervous system components
brain, cns, spinal cord, nerves, sense organs, pns
Brain in the nervous system controls
voluntary and involuntary responses, complex integrative activities
CNS
short term control center over other systems
Spinal cord
relays info to and from brain, simpler integrative activities: reflex arc
Optic nerve is only part of … not PNS
CNS
PNS that includes the sensory organs
links the CNS with other systems and organs
Nervous system purpose
detect change in env, interpret and respond
pineal gland, where what for
brain,circadian rhythms
hypothalamus, pituitary gland, w wf
brain, regulates growth and controls other glands, fluid balance
thyroid gland wf
metabolic rate,
thymus gland wf
maturation of lymphocytes
parathyroid gland
calcium levels
where thyroid, thymus, parathyroid
throat
adrenal glands wwf
near pancreas, water mineral balance, tissue metabolism, cardio and resp function
kidney wf
red blood cells, blood pressure, calcium levels
pancreas wf
glucose control
gonads wf
sexual characteristics
Gigantism is caused by too much GH in
childhood
Caused by too much GH in adulthood
acromegaly
Lymphatic vessels
carry lymph fluid and lymphocytes from peripheral tissues to the veins of the cv system
lymph fluid
fats and fatty acids from gut
B and T cells carry out
immune responses
Lymph nodes including tonsils
monitor composition of lymph fluid, stimulates immune response, engulfs pathogens
Spleen
stimulates immune response, engulf pathogens, recycle red blood cells
Thymus
controls maintenance and development of T cell lymphocytes
Heart
propels blood, maintains blood pressure
arteries
heart to capillaries
veins
capillaries to heart
capillaries
diffusion between blood and interstitial fluids
blood
transport of CO2, O2, nutrients, removal of waste, pH balance, temperature, immune defence
oral cavity and salivary glands
breaks up food w teeth and tongue, enzymes begin digestion, lubricant
pharynx and oesophagus
shared with resp system, delivers food to stomach
stomach
secretes acid, enzymes, hormones
small intestine
digestive enzymes, buffers and hormones, absorbs nutrients
liver
secretes bile, regulates nutrients in blood
gall bladder
stores bile
pancreas
digestive enzyme, buffers, endocrine cells
large intestine and anus
removes water, waste storage and removal
urinary system
kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra
kidneys
form, regulate urine, ph balance, blood volume and pressure
ureters
conduct urine to bladder
bladder
stores urine before expulsion
urethra
conducts urine to exterior