Lecture 05-06

Question 1

receptors

Answer 1

long chain of amino acids
Core acts as the ion channel
Intracellular region can trigger 2nd messenger systems
either categorized as ligand-gated ion channels or G-protein receptors

Question 1

Transport Carriers

Answer 1

either passive or active pumps
also used for reuptake of NTs from the synapse into presynpatic

Question 2

Second Messenger systems

Answer 2

1st messenger activates a second messenger, which then activates the ion channel

Question 3

What is the process of activating an ion channel? Using all of the attributes

Answer 3

NT causes change to shape of 1st receptor, 1st receptor then binds to G-protein (and changes shape), G-protein binds with messergner- synthesizing enzyme, enzyme creates a second messenger molecule, which can activate an ion channel

Question 4

What is gene regulation, how is it caused?

Answer 4

Caused by how the 2nd messenger results in a cascade of processes, which eventually reaches the cell nucleus. Helps plan for future neural commuication.

This is important because cells can respond to extracellular situtaions, i.e hormones and change how/ what genes are expressed to fit varying enviornments.

Question 5

What is the role of enzymes?

Answer 5

• convert molecules into different molecules
• respond to specfic molelecules
  can create or destory NT and other molecules needed for cellular communication
• can be either revisibly or irreversibly “suicide” inhibited
  *represent another important target for drug manipulation