Lecture 01 Flashcards
Typical Challenges in Software Project Management
The requirements are unknown or hard to elicit from the user
• The requirements change frequently (volatile)
• New technology that effects the outcome appears during the project
• The end user cannot be identified
• The mobile end user is not able to evaluate visionary scenarios
• We cannot look the end user “over the shoulder”
• The development is distributed
Project Management is a Problem Solving Activity
Analysis: Understand the problem nature and break the problem into pieces
Synthesis: Put the pieces together into a large structure that prepares for the solution
Problem solving always happens in the context of methodologies
4 Steps of Problem solving in Polya‘s Book
First: understand the problem•
Second: devise a plan
Third: carry out your plan
Fourth: examine the solution obtained
Define Methodologies
Collection of techniques, heuristics and tools unified by a philosophical approach
Define Techniques
Formal procedures for producing results using some well defined notation
Define Heuristics
Informal collection of steps
Define Tools
Instruments or automated systems that help in accomplishing a technique or supporting heuristics
Object-Oriented Analysis
- Start with a scenario
- Identify the use cases
- Identify the participating objects (abstractions)
- Identify associations between the abstractions
- Constrain Model Instantiation
Project Management: Traditional Definition
Project Management is a collection of techniques, methodologies, tools and heuristics that support the development of a high quality software system with a given budget before a given deadline.
Project Management: Modern Definition
Project Management is a collection of techniques, methodologies, tools and heuristics that support the development of a high quality software system with a given budget before a given deadline while change occurs.
Define Outsourcing
A company subcontracts an activity such as product design or manufacturing to a third-party company
Define Offshoring
A company transfers an organizational function to another country (regardless whether the work is outsourced or stays within the same company)
The key questions for which methodologies typically provide guidance
- Customer?
- Planning?
- Reuse?
- Modeling?
- Process?
- Project Monitoring?
Three members of a Project-based Organization?
1) Scrum Master: responsible for the process and resolves impediments
2) Product Owner: defines the product and is responsible for results
3) Developer: organizes itself and realizes product increments
What are the responsibilities the Scrum Master?
responsible for the process and resolves impediments
What are the responsibilities of the Product Owner?
defines the product and is responsible for results
What are the responsibilities of the Developer?
organizes itself and realizes product increments
Stages of Team Development
Forming
Storming
Norming
Performing
What happens in the Forming Stage?
- Setting the Stage
- Getting to know the people
- unclear goal
- dependence on leader for guidance
What happens in the Storming Stage?
- form opinions of other team members
- ideas compete for consideration
- cliques
- tolerance
What happens in the Norming Stage?
- resolving conflicts and tension
- clear and accepted roles and responsibilities
- agreed on internal rules of working together
- independent from leader
What happens in the Performing Stage?
- Empowering behaviors
- Most effective stage: the team achieves more than the sum of the individuals Team members trust each other
- Team has a clear purpose
- Team leader is less important in decision making and -
problem resolution
Definition of a Team
Any group of people involved in the same activity with a common goal, especially referring to sports and work
