LECT 6: kawa Flashcards
true or false: the KAWA model Promotes culturally relevant/responsive OT practice
true
KAWA is a metaphor for
Metaphor of nature for ‘life flow’ and life energy to
translate subjective views of self, life, well-being and the
meanings of occupations
in the KAWA, peoples lives are bounded and shapdd by what
surroundings, people and circunstances (flowing water = river = touches the rocks, sides and banks and all other elements that form its context)
true or false: there is no connection between PEO and KAWA
false, FOCUS IS STILL ON:
intersection between person,
occupation and environment but it’s
the model eastern roots that offer a
unique approach to illustrate the
concepts
where is the meaning that shapes a persons reality in the KAWA
in context
life is akin to what in the KAWA model (metaphor)
life is like a river, flowing from birth to end of life
what does flowing water symbolize
can symbolize life and occupation and
without water flowing there can be river, no life
what happens when life energy or flow weakens, what does that mean
the client (individual or
collective) can be described as unwell or in a state of disharmony
what does it mean when flow stops
end of lifewat
what are the 3 elements that help us understand the model
symbols, river, narratives
what are the 4 components of the KAWA and 1 sentence description
water (flow of a persons life)
riverbanks (natueral context, including social and physical environment)
rocks (barriers to function and life flow)
driftwood (assets and resouces that promote function and hapiness)
true or false: not all clients will necesariliy regard autonomic, individualism, and participation as quinteseential
true
what are the main differences in throught process between western and eastern
WESTERN: thoughts given to right to life, liberty, pursuit of hapiness and perceives acheiving goals as linear
EASTERN: thoughts are circular,
goal is to acheive balance in masc/fem and active and passive phases of life
what are the value systems in westerm culture
individualistic (individual is at the main focus)
autonomy and personal freedom
competition and ahcievebe
PERSONAL GAIN RATHER THAN GAIN OF COMMUNITY
what are the value system of eastern cultures
collectivistic: group is valued above the indiviidual
cooperation
sharing and duty to group is prioritized
EMPHASIS ON GOING WITH THE FLOW AND AVOIDING CONFLICT
explain the western concept of human OT
indivudally focused
controlling health and destiby
future oriented
egalitarian social structure
explain the eastern concept of human OT
collectivistic
naturalistics : nature, self and society as an integrated whole
here and now
hierachcical social strcuture
what does diversity mean
present in a common space with inclusion
what is the link between engaging and cultural
engage in active self reflection about ones own cultural identity , values, and recognize similaries and differences within ones own cultural groups
cultural compentence relies on what
attitudes, knowledge and skills to work effectively with clients unlike unself
what should therapists assume when engaging in cultural compentence
assume self-awareness concerning their own biases and assumptions
when talking about cultural relevance, what is the current problem
Embedding of Western
cultural assumptions (such as
autonomy and
independence) in the
profession’s theories and
practice frameworks,
reduces relevance to non-
Western clients.
Change rests on an open
interviewing approach that
invites client values and
priorities to emerge.
what is cultural safety (google )
Cultural safety is a concept that aims to create environments where people feel safe and respected, regardless of their cultural background, ethnicity, or other differences.
taht requires HCP to check biases and empower and respect all cultures
cultural safety requires what of HCP
that HCP become respectful of nationality, culturure, age, sex, gender, and sexual portientation, policitcal and religious beliefs
how does cultural safety empower people
becuase it reinforces the idea that each persons knowledge and reality is valid and valuable
what does the space between the barriers,diftwrood etc mean
Occupation
the spaces between are what
where life and energy still flows (sustain a clients hope, opportunities for growth)
=representative of occupation
what is the first component of the KAWA
life flow and health (water)
the life flow and health water can include what aspects
Can include client’s work history, medical history, life roles, processes (i.e. aging), self- care and leisure activities, as well as other occupations
true or false: water flow should only be considered for the person
false, that can potentially go against the wetstern, colectiveistic roots
river flow oOf significant persons in the occupational therapy client’s life (caregivers, spouse, etc.)
should also be considered and incorporated where relevant.
what is the second component of the KAWA
environmental factors (physical and social)
=riverbank (walls and floors)
the social environment in the KAWA can represent what
- friends and family,
- classmates,
- colleagues, lovers,
- pets,
- deceased relatives, acquaintances etc –
any social supports that the client considers significant.
what is the second component of the KAWA
life circumstances and problems (rocks)
rocks can be organized into what (4)
OP difficulties
fears and concerns
inconventient circunmstances out of OTs control
impairements/medical concerns
true or false: only the rocks of that specific person should be considered i nthe model
false:
As with River Flow, the Rocks of significant persons in the
occupational therapy client’s life (caregivers, spouse, etc)
should also be considered and incorporated where
relevant.
explain the appearance of the rocks
some appear instansneously injury, illeness, transient
some remain unremarkable until they bump up against certain aspecst of the social and phydsical environment (like a fear or environment)
what are the 4th compoent of the kawa
personal assets and liabilities (driftwood)
what are the 4 things that driftwood could be
personal traits or characteristics (personality, traituts, attitudes ex: stubburn, likeable, sense of humor, addiction, pragmatic)
special skills, abilities and experiences (ie: person good a sports, trade, sociable with people, artisitic)
also represents beliefs, values, principles
represnt material and or social capitle (finiancial wealthm, access to money and socual connections to power/influence)
true or false: the sides of the rivers represent the subjects oscia , physical and cultural contexts
true
what are the most important determinants of a persons life flow in a collectivistic social context AND WHY
river sides/bank
its importance in determining the experiences of self and subsetquent meanings of personal action
=if there are obstructuons (rocks and driftwood in the water) when reiver walls and bottom are thickneded and constricting leads to what
then there is disruptions in the flow of water
what is OTs general job in using the KAWA model
maximimze the space ebtween the rocks through treatment, intervention, adaption
improve harmoney between elements to enhance life flow and quality of life
what is the main caution with the rocks
CAUTION: Rocks are often ingrained and a major part of the river system
so they may not be easily removed, if at all.
what are the 5 ways OTs can use the KAWA model
assessing clients life flow
identifying barriers
understanding social support
cultural sensitivity
empowering clients
explain how OTs can use the KAWA model to assess clients life flow
The river represents the flow of the clients life, and the therapist helps understand what supports or hinders his flow. Flow represents health, well-being, and occupational performance.
explain how OTs can use the KAWA model to identify barreirs
Rocks in the river symbolize obstacles in a person’s life, such as injury, illness, or emotional struggles. OTs
can work with clients to identify these barriers and develop strategies to address or overcome them.
also identity and use the strengths (driftwood and river walls) to overcome those barriesrs and maximize OP and well-beinga
explain how OTs can use the KAWA model to understand social support barreirs
Therapists help clients analyze how these elements shape their lives and provide opportunities for them to leverage social support or adapt their
environments to improve their life flow
explain how OTs can use the KAWA model for cultural sensitiviy
Since the Kawa Model emphasizes a person’s social and cultural context, OTs can use this model to work
with clients from diverse cultural backgrounds by framing their therapy goals in ways that are culturally
meaningful to them
helps develop meaningful inteventions considering context and values
explain how OTs can use the KAWA model to empower clients
use the Kawa Model to engage clients in the therapy process by allowing them to illustrate their
journey and what they see as meaningful, empowering them to take an active role in their therapy.
what are the application steps of the KAWA model
draw the river (client and therapist collaborative create a visual representation of the river of life)
place the elemnts
analysis and AP: helps identify areas where flow is obstructred and develop action plan to navigate/clear obstacles
examples of questions you may ask about river flow (life flow and priorities)
- If your life was a river, what does your river look like? How
would you describe the flow of your river right now? - Can you describe to me how you typically spend your day
from the time you wake up to the time you go to bed? - What do you enjoy doing? Why do you enjoy it?
- What makes you happy? How does it make you happy?
Why? - Have you experienced any significant changes in your life
recently? - How do you typically go around doing your everyday
activities?
examples of questions you may ask about driftwood (personal ressources that can be asseets of liabilites)
- How do you see challenges in life?
- How do you typically cope with stress?
- How would you describe yourself? Why?
- Do you have any special skills or abilities?
- Can you tell me about your education?
- Are there activities that you are good at or enjoy doing?
(This can also be a River question) - Are there any things or thoughts that get in the way of your life going better? (This can also be a Rock)
question examples that you may ask about the rocks (obstances, challenges)
- Are you having any difficulties right now? What are they? Why
do you think (those things) are difficult for you? How is it difficult? - Do you have anything in particular that you would like to do but you are
unable to do because of your current situation? Why do you think you are
unable to do them? How are these things typically done? How is doing
them right now different from back then? What would you like to be able
to do? - Is there anything about your life right now that you would like to change?
What is it? Why? How would you like things to change? If things were
better, what do you think would be different? - I understand what you have been through a lot lately and things can be a
bit overwhelming. Is there anything in particular which you are worried or
unsure about that you would like to discuss?
examples of questions you may ask about the riverbanks (social and physical social environment)
- Who are you currently living with right now?
- Who do you typically spend most of your time with? How
do you spend your time with them? What do you usually
enjoy doing together? (As you can see, this question leads
us back to the River Flow.) - Where do you typically spend most of your time? (This is
yet another question that can lead back to the River Flow.) - Can you describe to me the place where you live / work?
How do you find your ability to get around there? (This
can lead to Driftwood or Rock!) - Do you live in a single storey / double storey terrace /
apartment / flat / wooden house? - Is your room upstairs or downstairs? Are there lifts?
- Are your toilets sitting or squatting?
what are the 3 ways we can use interventions to create/widen space for water to flow and explain
1) rocks between smaller ( Client adapts to dysfunction over time and dysfunction is no longer as big of a hindrance to their daily life And/or remedial interventions have resulted in the dysfunction becoming less severe and client has regained more function
2) adjust riverbanks (univeral design, other adaptations to the environment)
3) use existing diftwood.,introduce new driftwood to push away rocks (client lerans new skills to overcome the inability to do soemthign )
