Lec5 Flashcards
is the organization of organisms into progressively more inclusive groups on the basis of either phenotypic similarity or evolutionary relationship.
Classification
is the actual naming of organisms and follows the binomial system of nomenclature devised by Carl Linnaeus and used throughout biology
Nomenclature
- fungus like characteristics
- Have filamentous growth
- The cell wall and the internal structures are typical of bacteria rather than fungi
Actinomycetes
- elongated motile, flexible bacteria
- helical shape
- tightly coiled like a telephone cord, other more open
- spirochetes contain – endoflegalla
Spirochaetes
- smallest free living organism in nature
- Lack cell wall (do not stain or hardly)
- Pleomorphic and of indefine shape
Mycoplasmas
- Very small
- Obligate parasites
- Once tought to be viruses
Rickettsiae and Chlamydiae
Acid fat stain used for?
Mycobacterium tuberculosis - Mycobacterium leprae
An organism that requires organic carbon as its carbon source.
Heterotroph
An organism able to grow with CO2 as its sole source of carbon.
Autotroph
Bacteria which depend on sunlight as a major source of energy
Photoautotrophe
Bacteria whch use chemical as source of energy
Chemoautotrophe
Use reduced inorganic substances as their electron source
Lithotrophs
Exstract electrons from organic compounds
Organotrophs
Example of Psychrophiles (15 – 20°C)?
Psedomonas fluorescens
Example of Mesophiles (20 40°C) ?
E. coli, Salmonelle enterica, Staphylococcus aureus
Example of Thermophiles (50 – 60°C)?
Bacillus
Example of Obligate anaerobe?
(Clostridium spp.)
Example of Facultative anaerobe?
(E. coli)
Majority of the medically important bacteria grow best at which range of pH?
neutral or slightly alkaline reaction (pH 7.2 – 7.6).
- Gram negative
- non-sporulating
- short Rod
- facultative anaerobes
Family Enterobacteriaceae
- used for the isolation of gram-negative
enteric bacteria. - It is used in the differentiation of lactose fermenting from
lactose non-fermenting gram- negative bacteria. - used for the isolation of coliforms and intestinal
pathogens in water, dairy products and biological specimens
Which type of agar?
MacConkey Agar
can tolerate a reduction in Aw, but prefer to grow in an environment where Na has not been added.
Halotolerates
Classification based on anatomical features (Flagella)?
Monotrichous
Lophotrichous
Amphitrichous
Petritrichous
Example of Spore forming bacteria ?
(Bacillus spp.)
- non Sporing bacteria
- Facultative anaerobe
- Pigment non producer
- Gram negative rods
- Fermentative
- Non fastidious
- Mesophiles
Give an example of this?
E.coli
Example of Gram positive cocci?
(Staphylococcus aureus)
Example of Gram negative cocci?
(Neisseria gonorrhoeae)
Example of Gram positive rods?
(Clostridium spp.)
Example of Gram negative rods?
(E. coli)
