LEC review: infection

Question 1

prevent spread of infection; implementing

procedures and policies

Answer 1

infection control

Question 2

Microorganisms that invade body, immunity, and

Cause injuries or cause disease

Answer 2

Infection

Question 3

3 types of infections

Answer 3

Microbes, Communicable infections, Nosocomial infections

Question 4

investigation and control of various diseases
Especially if communicable and epidemic potential
the develop guidelines and recommends precautions
to protect people

Answer 4

CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION (CDC)

Question 5

received a vaccination against, or recovered from

infection that developed antibody against virus

Answer 5

immune

Question 6

process is stopped at any component to prevent

infection

Answer 6

chain of infection

Question 7

if pathogen enters host, chain is not yet completed

true or false

Answer 7

false

Question 8

6 components of chain of infection

Answer 8

infectious agent, reservoir, exit pathway, means of transmission, entry pathway, susceptible host

Question 9

a component of chain of infection which is a pathogenic microbe

Answer 9

infectious agent

Question 10

a component of chain of infection that is considered as the source of infection

Answer 10

reservoir

a reservoir host is an animal/human infected
potential reservoirs are Person’s own flora and Contaminated articles & equipment

Question 11

component of the chain wherein it is a way of agent to leave host

Answer 11

exit pathway

Question 12

component of chain referring to the transfer from reservoir to individual

Answer 12

Means of transmission

There are 5 types: 
Airborne – evaporated droplet nuclei
Contact – most frequent
Droplet – mucous membrane of Mouth, nose, or conjunctive of ind.
Vector – insect, arthropod, or animal
Vehicle - food, water, or drugs

Question 13

component of chain where agent enters host

Answer 13

entry pathway

Question 14

component of the chain that is considered as those with decreased ability to resist infection

Factors: age, health, immune status

Answer 14

Susceptible host

Question 15

PPE to be used in rooms of patients with airborne diseases

Answer 15

respirator

Question 16

minimize spread; separate patients w/ transmissible disease

Answer 16

Isolation procedures

Question 17

kind of isolation for highly susceptible to infections

Answer 17

protective/reverse isolation

Question 18

established by CDC in 1985 when HCWs were reported to be infected with HIV through needlesticks

Answer 18

UNIVERSAL PRECAUTIONS

Question 19

1 strategy for nosocomial infection control; combination of UP and BSI from both recognized and unrecognized sources

Answer 19

STANDARD PRECAUTIONS

Question 20

safe handling of biologic substances

Answer 20

BIOSAFETY

Question 21

Any material or substance harmful to health

Answer 21

BIOHAZARD

Exposure routes:
- Airborne: splashes, aerosols, or fumes
- Ingestion: neglect to sanitize hands before handling foods or covering the mouth w/ hands
- Nonintact skin: abrasions, burns,
cuts, scratches, sores, dermatitis, and chapped skin
- Percutaneous (through skin): accidental needle sticks, handling broken glass
- Permucosal (through mucous membranes)

Question 22

3 bloodborne pathogen

Answer 22

HIV, HBV, HCV

Question 23

for sharp injuries, wash site with water for a min. of 30 mins.

true or false

Answer 23

false

wash site with soap and water fr a min. of 30 secs.

Question 24

for mucous membrane exposure, flush with water or saline solution for a min of 10 mins.

true or false

Answer 24

true

Question 25

for surface decontamination, use what proportion of bleach solution?

Answer 25

1:10 bleach solution

Question 26

electrical shock patient, keep them warm or cold

Answer 26

warm

Question 27

3 components of fire

Answer 27

fuel, heat, oxygen

Question 28

common combustible

Answer 28

``` class A ABC dry chemical, halotron, H2O, foam ```

Question 29

flammable liquid, solvent, soil, gasoline, lacquer, paint, oil-based

Answer 29

``` class B ABC dry, BC dry, Purple K, CO2, halotron and foam ```

Question 30

classes of fire: energized electricity

Answer 30

``` class C ABC dry, CD dry, Purlple K, CO2, Halotron ```

Question 31

classes of fire: ABC dry, CD dry, Purple K, CO2, Halotron

Answer 31

Class D | dry powder

Question 32

classes of fire: combustible cooking media oil, grease, wet chemicals

Answer 32

Class K

Question 33

for structural fire follow:

Answer 33

RACE Rescue anyone in immediate danger Alarm pull the alarm and call fire department Contain fire by closing doors in the area Extinguish small fires, if not close door & leave

Question 34

usage of fire extinguisher

Answer 34

``` PASS Pull the pin Aim the extinguisher Squeeze the handle Sweep side-to-side at base of flame ```

Question 35

never pour acid to water true or false

Answer 35

false

Question 36

pour acid to water true or false

Answer 36

true

Question 37

sheet with general information as well as precautionary and emergency information for the product

Answer 37

material safety data sheet (MSDS)