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PMLS > LEC review: blood collection equipment > Flashcards

LEC review: blood collection equipment Flashcards

1
Q

The primary duty of the phlebotomist is not to collect blood specimens for laboratory testing

true or false

A

false

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2
Q

incomplete equipment ensures orderly collection of blood samples for testing

true or false

A

false

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3
Q

area of a medical laboratory or clinic equipped for performing phlebotomy procedures on patients

A

Blood-Drawing Station

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4
Q

Phlebotomy Chairs should be comfortable for the patient and have adjustable armrests to achieve

A

proper positioning

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5
Q

equipment carrier used for “stat” or emergency situations

A

handheld carrirer

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6
Q

equipment carrier used for early-morning extractions which is potential for nosocomial infections

A

phlebotomy cart

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7
Q

prevent or inhibit the growth and development of microorganisms but do not necessarily kill them

A

antiseptic

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8
Q

most common antiseptic

A

70% isopropanol

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9
Q

antiseptic used for a higher degree

of antisepsis

A

povidone-iodine

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10
Q 
which Antispetic is not used in Blood Collection:
 70% Ethanol
 70% Isopropanol
 Benzalkonium chloride
 saline solution
 Chlorhexidine gluconate
 Hydrogen peroxide
 Povidone-iodine
 Tincture of iodine
A

saline solution

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11
Q

are chemical substances or solutions that are used to remove or kill microorganisms on surfaces and instruments

A

disinfectant

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12
Q

most common disinfectant

A

sodium hypochlorite

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13
Q

fresh bleach solution should be made daily or as needed

true or false

A

true

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14
Q

are used to hold pressure over the site following blood collection procedure

A

Gauze pads / Cotton balls

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15
Q

are used to cover a blood collection site after the bleeding has stopped

A

bandages

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16
Q

Must be rigid, puncture-resistant, leakproof, and disposable and have locking lids

A

Sharps disposal containers

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17
Q

Sharps containers can be overfilled

true or false

A

false

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18
Q

are leakproof plastic bags that are commonly used to transport blood and other specimens from the collection site to the laboratory

A

Biohazard Bags

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19
Q

are used to make blood films for hematology determinations

A

glass microscope slides

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20
Q

make it easier to locate veins that are difficult to see or feel

A

Transillumination devices

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21
Q

applied or tied around a patient’s arm prior to venipuncture to restrict blood flow

A

Tourniquet

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22
Q

Restriction of venous flow distends or inflates the veins,
making them larger and easier to find, and stretches the vein
walls so they are thinner and easier to pierce with a needle

tourniquet applied can be longer than 1 min

A

first is true, second is false

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23
Q

blood pressure cuff should not be used in place of a tourniquet

true or false

A

false

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24
Q

are sterile, disposable, and designed for a single use only

A

needles

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25
Q

3 types of needles:

A
  • Hypodermic
  • Multisample
  • Winged infusion (butterfly)
26
Q

is indicated by a number that is related to the diameter of the lumen

A

Needle Gauge

27
Q

considered the standard for most routine adult antecubital venipuncture

A

21-gauge needle

28
Q

A needle’s diameter and gauge have an ________ relationship

A

inverse

29
Q

must provide immediate permanent containment and be activated using one hand

A

needle safety feature

30
Q

3 examples of needle safety feature:

A

sliding sheath
hinged arm / snap down
retracting needle

31
Q

closed system

A

ETS

32
Q

basic system of ETS:

A

needle, tube holder, evacuated tubes

33
Q

is a clear, plastic, disposable cylinder with 2 openings

  • Small threaded opening: for needle
  • Large opening: for tubes
A

tube holder

34
Q

are used with both the ETS and the syringe method volume range: 1.8 to 15 mL

A

evacuated tubes

35
Q

negative pressure of evacuated tubes

A

vacuum

36
Q

A tube that has prematurely lost all or part of its vacuum will properly fill with blood

true or false

A

false

37
Q

premature loss of vacuum except:

  1. Improper storage
  2. Dropping the tube
  3. improper storage angle of tube
  4. Advancing the tube too far onto the needle before venipuncture
  5. The bevel becomes partially out of the skin during venipuncture
A
  1. improper storage angle of tube
38
Q

reasons for short draw except:

  1. Premature loss of vacuum
  2. improper tube selection
  3. Removing the tube prior vacuum exhaustion
  4. Stoppage of blood flow during blood draw
A
  1. improper tube selection
39
Q

any substance placed within a tube other than the tube stopper

A

tube additive

40
Q

clot activator yields

A

serum

41
Q

prevent clotting yields

A

whole blood specimen

42
Q

tubes used for clearing or discard purposes

A

non additve tubes - yields serum samples

43
Q

used for patients with small or difficult veins

A

syringe system

44
Q

rod-like device that fits tightly into the barrel

A

plunger

45
Q

For small or difficult veins (hand veins) Allows more flexibility and precision

A

butterfly/winged infusion set

46
Q

most common anticoagulant prevents

A

clotting

47
Q

2 methods of anticoagulation

A

(1) chelating/binding

(2) precipitating calcium

48
Q
  • commonly available as a powdered di-potassium (K2) or liquid tri-potassium (K3) salt
  • prevents coagulation by
    binding or chelating
    calcium
  • for hematology; preserve cell morphology
  • inhibit platelet aggregation
  • invert 8 - 10 times
A

EDTA - ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid

49
Q
  • Used for coagulation tests
  • 9:1 ratio of blood to anticoagulant
  • invert 3-4
  • binding or chelating calcium
A

citrate

50
Q
  • prevents clotting by inhibiting thrombin formation

- For some chemistry tests

A

heparin

51
Q

3 forms of heparin:

A

ammonium
lithium (least interference)
sodium

52
Q
  • prevent coagulation by precipitating calcium
  • contain glucose preservatives
  • Inversions: 8 to 10
A

oxalate

53
Q
  • For immunohematology tests
  • Binds calcium
  • Yellow-topped
  • Inversions: 8
A

Acid Citrate Dextrose

54
Q
  • For blood transfusion

- Chelates calcium

A

Citrate Phosphate Dextrose

55
Q
  • Binds calcium
  • For blood culture
  • Yellow-topped
  • Inversions: 8
A

Sodium Polyanethol Sulfonate

56
Q
  • Antiglycotic agent
  • Used for ethanol specimens
  • Gray-topped
  • Inversions: 5 to 10
A

Sodium Fluoride

57
Q

is a substance that enhances coagulation in tubes used to collect serum specimens

A

Clot Activator - silica (glass) or celite (inert clay)

58
Q
  • an inert (nonreacting) synthetic substance initially contained in or near the bottom of certain blood collection tubes
  • prevents the cells from continuing to metabolize substances such as glucose
A

Thixotropic Gel

59
Q

ORDER OF DRAW

A

stop light red stay put green light go

sterile, light blue, red, SST, PST, green, lavender, gray

boys like ravishing girls like dieticians love greek yougurt

blood culture, light blue, gold, light green, dark green, lavender, grey, yellow

60
Q

Filling tubes in the wrong order can lead to interference in testing from cross contamination of the specimen by additive carryover, tissue thromboplastin, or microorganisms

true or false

A

true

61
Q
  • transfer of additive from one tube to the next
  • occurs by: when blood in an additive tube touches the needle
    during ETS blood collection or when blood is transferred
    from a syringe into ETS tubes
A

Carryover/Cross-Contamination

PMLS (9 decks)

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