Lec exam 2 Articulations

Question 1

Joint or articulation

Answer 1

-Place of contact between bones, bone and cartilage or bones and teeth

Question 2

Bones are said to ——– with each other at a joint

Answer 2

articulate

Question 3

Fibrous joint

Answer 3

• has no joint cavity

- bones are held together by dense connective tissue

Question 4

Cartilaginous joint

Answer 4

• Has no joint cavity

- Occurs where bones are joined by cartilage

Question 5

synovial joint

Answer 5

Has a fluid filled joint cavity

• separates the articulating surfaces of the bones
• Enclosed with connective tissue
• Bones attached by ligaments

Question 6

Synarthrosis

Answer 6

IMMOBILE JOINT

can be fibrous or cartilaginous

Question 7

Amphiarthrosis

Answer 7

SLIGHT MOBILITY

can be fibrous or cartilaginous

Question 8

Diarthrosis

Answer 8

FREELY MOVEABLE

all synovial joints

Question 9

What is the relationship between mobility and stability

Answer 9

inverse relationship

when mobility increases stability decreases

Question 10

What determines a joints mobility and stability?

Answer 10

structure of the joint

Question 11

What are the three most common fibrous joints?

Answer 11

Gomphoses, suture and syndesmosis

Question 12

Gomphoses

Answer 12

Periodontal membrane holds tooth to bony jaw

Question 13

Suture

Answer 13

connects skull bones

Question 14

Why are orthodontic braces painful?

Answer 14

because of the arcitechure of the gomphosis and they have to reposition these immovable joints and the osteoblasts and osteoclasts work together to modify the alveolar process

Question 15

Syndesmoses

Answer 15

allow slight mobility an example being in between radius and ulna and tibia and fibula

Question 16

Two types of Cartilaginous joints

Answer 16

Symphysis and synchondrosis

Question 17

Symphysis

Answer 17

Pad of fibrocartilage between articulating bones
Resist compression and absorb shock
All symphyses are amphiarthroses

Question 18

Synchondroses

Answer 18

Bones joined by hyaline cartilage
All immobile (synarthroses)

Question 19

Costochondral

Answer 19

between bony rib and costal cartilage

Is a cartilaginous joint

Question 20

What is Costalcondritis?

Answer 20

Inflammation of the costalchondral joint

Question 21

Articular Capsule

Answer 21

Double layered and strengthens joints to prevent bones from being pulled apart

Question 22

Synovial fluid

Answer 22

oily substance that is produced by the synovial membrane and filtrate formed from blood plasma

Question 23

What are the 3 functions of synovial fluid?

Answer 23

1. Lubricates the articular cartilage on the surface of the articulating bones
2. Nourishes and removes waste from the articular cartilages chondrocytes
3. shock absorber

Question 24

Fibrous layer

Answer 24

Outer layer of synovial joint

strengthens joints to prevent from pulling apart

Question 25

Synovial membrane

Answer 25

Inner layer and formed from epithelial tissue
Covers all the internal joint surfaces not covered by the cartilage and lines the articular capsule
and produces synovial fluid

Question 26

Articular cartilage

Answer 26

Covered by a thin layer of hyaline cartilage and it lacks a perichondrium and is avascular
has no blood vessels to bring nutrients and remove waste
-reduces friction during movement
-cushion to absorb joint compression
-prevents damage to articulating ends of bones

Question 27

Joint cavity

Answer 27

• space that permits separation of the articulating bones

- Lined by the synovial membrane