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Physiology Lab > Lec: Appetite control (2) > Flashcards

Lec: Appetite control (2) Flashcards

1
Q

sensory signals from smell, vision, fast can __ or __ feeding.

A
  • increase

- or decrease

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2
Q

foods with __ __ or __ __ content increase:

A
  • sweet taste
  • high fat content
  • calorie ingestion
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3
Q

signals over the __ from the digestive tract, inform about chewing, swallowing, __ out the __ __ __.

A
  • Vagus
  • stretch
  • digestive tract wall
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4
Q

signals over vagus are strictly __ __.

limit food __/meal & do not contribute to overall __ __.

A
  • short term
  • ingestion
  • weight control
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5
Q 
(long term actions)
neuropeptide Y (NPY) & Agouti Related Peptide (AGRP)  \_\_ food intake and \_\_ energy expenditure:
A
  • increases

- decreases

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6
Q

corticotrophin releasing hormone (CRH) & Melanocortin __ food intake and __ energy expenditure
(__ sympathetic nervous activity)

A
  • decrease
  • increase
  • increase
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7
Q

mutations of __ receptors are considered the mod common monogenetic cause of obesity in humans & found in -% of early onset (childhood) severe obesity

A
  • melanocortin

- 5-6%

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8
Q

__ associated with cancer & severe infections, may be related to excessive production of __:

A
  • anorexia

- melanocortin

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9
Q

cocaine and amphetamine regulated transcript (CART):

A

decrease appetite

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10
Q

(amygdala) stimulation or destruction of different areas of the amygdala can __ or __ feeding.
alters input to the __.

A
  • increase
  • decrease
  • hypothalamus
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11
Q

olfactory sense is delivered first to the __.

A

amygdala

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12
Q

destruction of both sides of the amygdala ->

A

psychic blindness in choice of foods (inability to control the type and quality of food eaten)

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13
Q

eating increases __ & __ levels

A
  • glucose

- & insulin

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14
Q

increased glucose & insulin increases activity of __ __ & decreases activity of __ __.

A
  • satiety center

- feed center

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15
Q

thoughts of food-> __ =hunger

A

insulin

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16
Q

insulin causes a decrease in __ __, furthering __.

A
  • blood glucose

- hunger

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17
Q

hypoglycemia-> increased __ __ -> increasing __

A
  • cortisol secretion

- appetite

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18
Q

elevated glucose in the absence of insulin or with insulin sensitivity -> __ __

A

increases appetite

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19
Q

ghrelin, produced when __,

-> __ appetite

A

increases

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20
Q

cholecystokinin stimulates __ __, which stimulate the __ __.

A
  • vagal neurons

- satiety center

21
Q

peptide YY (PYY), produced by entire __ __ in response to __ __

A
  • digestive tract

- food intake

22
Q

highest levels of PYY are secreted with __ __ meal, decreasing food intake for __ __.

A
  • high fat

- several hours

23
Q

metabolic changes with __. decreases activity of __, increases __ with __.

A
  • age
  • lipase
  • weight
  • age
24
Q

lipase activity can be increased by __.

A

exercise

25
Q

exercise increases __ __ & __, both stimulate __.

A
  • growth hormone
  • epinephrine
  • lipolysis
26
Q

cold temperature of winter increases __, increasing __, especially for __ __ foods.

A
  • thyroxin
  • appetite
  • high fat
27
Q

cold weather -> __ gain (fat provides __) & increases __.

A
  • weight
  • insulation
  • thermoneogenesis
28
Q

warm temperatures-> decrease __. therefore decreasing __ & __ __.

A
  • thyroxin
  • appetite
  • & weight loss
29
Q

hormones produced by adipose cells (aka?)

secreted in response to __ __ fat content.

A
  • adipokines

- total body

30
Q

__ food intake & __ metabolic rate when body fat content is __.

A
  • increase
  • decrease
  • decreasing
31
Q

__ food intake & __ metabolic rate when body fat content is__.

A
  • decrease
  • increase
  • increasing
32
Q

some individuals with obesity problems have difficulty producing the __ or responding to them.

A

hormones

33
Q

leptin:
secretion __ w/ increased fat stores,
__ w/ short term fasting or weight loss.

A
  • increases

- decreases

34
Q

leptin __ food intake, insulin secretion & __ levels in the blood

A
  • decreases

- glucose

35
Q

leptin __ metabolic rate, temp., physical activity & __ __ oxidation.
activates the __ __.

A
  • increases
  • fatty acid
  • immune system
36
Q

leptin acts on the __ to increase production & release of __.

A
  • hypothalamus

- CRH

37
Q

melanocortin & CART __ appetite & __ metabolic rate.

A
  • decreases

- increases

38
Q

decrease or absence of __ (or inability to respond to it), increases __ __ secretion, increasing __ & __ metabolic rate.

A
  • leptin
  • neuropeptide Y
  • appetite
  • & decreasing
39
Q

obese human children found with __ __ to produce __.

A
  • genetic inability

- leptin

40
Q

obese children gain weight __ in __, have a very high __ & exhibit strong __ __ for food.

A
  • rapidly
  • infancy
  • appetite
  • behavioral drive
41
Q

obese human adults have been found with genetic inabilities to __ to __.
& have elevated __ levels in the __.

A
  • respond
  • leptin
  • leptin
  • blood
42
Q

leptin is essential to __ the __ to cause the onset of __ and to maintain __ in adults.

A
  • stimulate
  • hypothalamus
  • puberty
  • fertility
43
Q

adiponectin __ body weight and __ in rodents, __ thermiogenesis (heat production)

A
  • reduces
  • fat
  • increases
44
Q

adiponectin increases __ __, suppresses __, & stimulates __ __ oxidation.

A
  • insulin sensitivity
  • gluconeogensis
  • fatty acid
45
Q

adiponectin has ant- __ & anti-__ actions.

A
  • inflammatory

- atherogenic

46
Q

resistin produced by both __ & __ __.

A
  • adipocytes

- immune cells

47
Q

resistin induces __ resistance-> __ __ __II, inhibits __ and increases __ &__.

A
  • insulin
  • diabetes mellitus type
  • adipogensis
  • thermiogensis
  • & gluconeogenesis
48
Q

resistin production is __ with __ & __ with even minimal __ __.
-> recovery of __ sensitivity in __II.

A
  • increased
  • obesity
  • decreased
  • weight loss
  • insulin
  • DM

Physiology Lab (6 decks)

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