Lec 9/11.1 Flashcards
1
Q
when was cell theory proposed?
A
1838 tnd 1839
2
Q
what is cell theory about?
A
- cells are smallest living things
- all organisms are composed of one or> cells
- all cells come from preexisting cells
- vital functions of an organism occur within cells
- all cells contain hereditary info necessary for regulating cell functions and for transmitting info to next generation of cells
3
Q
what are cell constituents?
A
water(85%), ions(K, Mg, phosphate, sulfate, bicarbonate,Na,Cl, Ca), small molecules (sugar, aa, vitamin, ATP), proteins, lipids, carb, nucleic acids
4
Q
where does ATP come from?
A
-from aerobic oxidation (FA abd sugars metabolized to CO2 and H2O)
5
Q
what is organelle?
A
-small, intracellular “organs”, specific organizations, created by membrane (golgi, mitochondria ….)
6
Q
what means eukaryotic cells are compartmentalized?
A
- has compartments made by membranes
7
Q
cytoplasm
A
part of cell outside nucleus
8
Q
cytosol
A
- aqueous part,ares bw plasma membrane and organelles
- solution of proteins, electrolytes, and carb
- site of glycolysis, translation, cell signaling
9
Q
plasma membrane
A
- structural integrity, control movement of substances, establish transport system, regulate cell interaction, recognition antigens and foreign cells
- transduces outside physical or chemical signals into inside
10
Q
nucleus
A
- control center of cell
- site of RNA synthesis
- 2 separate bilayers
- outer membrane is continuous w/ space of ER
11
Q
nulceolus
A
- nonmembrane bound structire composed of proteins and nucleic acid.
- rRNA are transcribed and assembled within nucleolus
12
Q
Endoplasmic reticulum
A
- network of tubular and flat vesicular structures
- continuous nuclear envelope
13
Q
smooth ER
A
- lack ribosomes
- synthesis of lipids, phospholipids and steroids
- carb metabolism, detoxifies drugs, calcium storage
14
Q
rough ER
A
- has ribosome,protein synthesis
- protein movement
- protein proofreading
15
Q
ribosome
A
-free polyribosomes, whose proteins remain in cytoplasm
