Lec 6

Question 1

Describe the Temporal Fossa

Answer 1

Lateral side of skull; Borders
Ant - Zygomatic process of Frontal bone and frontal process of zygomatic bone
Sup post - Sup temporal line
Inf - Zygomatic Arch
Floor - Pterion
Communicates via gap in zygomatic bone to the infratemporal fossa

Question 2

Describe the Infratemporal Fossa

Answer 2

Inferior to temporal and medial to cranial fossa, post to body of maxilla, lateral to pterygoid plate communicates with temporal fossa and ptrygopalatine fossa

Question 3

What are the contents of the infratemporal fossa

Answer 3

V3 and branches, muscles of mastication, maxillary artery and branches, pterygoid venous plexus, retromandibular vein, otic ganglion

Question 4

Describe the temporalis muscle

Answer 4

Origin at temporal fossa and fascia, inserts at coronoid process and acts to elevate and retract the mandible

Question 5

Describe the masseter

Answer 5

Origin at the inferior and medial aspect of zygomatic arch to insert at the lateral surface of the mandible ramus. Acts to elevate the mouth

Question 6

Describe the medial pterygoid muscle

Answer 6

Origin at the tuberosity of maxilla and medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate, inserts at inner aspect of the angle of mandible. Nerve is the mandibular division of V with action to elevate and protrude mandible.

Question 7

Describe the lateral pterygoid muscle

Answer 7

Origin at the inretemporal surface of greater wing of sphenoid and lateral surface of lateral pterygoid plate. Action is to depress and protrude mandible.

Question 8

What is the TMJ

Answer 8

Joint between mandible head and mandible fossa of temporal bone. It is a fribrocartilage articular disc with fibrocart surface and is divided into 2 regions. Superior for gliding and inferior for free hinge

Question 9

Describe dislocation of TMJ

Answer 9

Mostly anterior dislocation causing mouth to open caused by yawns, large bite, excess contraction of lat pterygoid, fracture. Complications can lead to damage to facial and auricotemporal nerves.

Question 10

Describe the location and distribution of the maxillary artery

Answer 10

Off behind neck of mandible. to ext mid ear, audit tube, dura mater, up and low jaw, muscles of temporal and infratemporal fossa, nose and paranasal sinuses, palate and roof of mouth

Question 11

What are the 3 general divisions of max artery

Answer 11

Lateral pterygoid divides max artery into 3 parts.

1. Btwn neck of mandible and inferior lateral pt - retromandibular part through foramen in bone (ATAMA)
2. Superior or deep to body of lat pt -pt part supplies muscles of mastication and buccinator
3. In pterygopalatine fossa and all pass through bony foramen (PAPSIP)

Question 12

List the braches of 1st part of max artery

Answer 12

ATAMA
Deep Auricular
Anterior Tympanic
Middle Meningeal
Accessory middle meningeal
Inferior alveolar

Question 13

List branches of 2nd part of max artery

Answer 13

2 Deep Temporal, pterygoid, Massenteric, Buccal

Question 14

List the branches of 3rd part of max artery

Answer 14

PAPSIP
Posterior Superior Aleveolar
Infraorbital 
Greater Palatine
Pharyngeal
Art of Pterygoid Canal
Sphenopalatine

Question 15

Describe the Pterygoid venous plexus

Answer 15

Location is within and around lateral pterygoid, Communicates with Cav Sinus, Facial vein (Deep), inferior Opthalmic

Question 16

Describe the Mandibular Nerve

Answer 16

Begins at middle cranial fossa and is the lateral aspect of trigeminal ganglion - foramen ovale (infratemporal fossa) - trunk btwn lat pt and Tensor veli palatini - small anterior and large posterior portions

Question 17

Describe the branches of Mandibular Nerve

Answer 17

MT: MtMT - meningeal (s) medial pterygoid (m) 2 tensors (tympani and veli palatini)
AD: Motors and Buccal - Buccal (s) Massenteric, Deep Temporal, nerve to lat pterygoid
PD: ALI - Auricotemporal (s) Lingual ( ant tongue sense and gives ride for chorda tympani for taste), Inferior alveolar (m - nerve to mylohyoid and mental nerves)

Question 18

Pterygoid Fossa

Answer 18

Behind and below orbital apex, nerves and vessels gain access to nasal cavity, palate, orbit and face. It is the nervous junction of deep face. Pterygopalatine ganglion = hay fever ganglion