lec 4 Flashcards
basic unit of matter
atom
group of atoms bonded together
molecules
Large molecule composed of linked smaller
subunits
macromolecules
Part of a cell that performs a specialized function
organelle
Smallest structural and functional unit of an
organism
cell
humans have over ___
different cell types with a
specific structure and
function.
200
Groups of cells with a similar structure that act together to perform a specific
action
tissue
Group of tissues that perform a specific function for the body
organ
Group of organs that work together to perform one or more specific functions
organ system
Any individual entity that exhibits the properties of life
organism
Formation of Tissues and Organs
- division
- growth
- differentiation
- migration
- apoptosis
- formation of connections
germ cells
sex cells
- ova or egg cells
- sperm cells
somatic cells
body cells
- epithelial
- connective
- muscle
- nervous
connective tissues
areolar connective tissues id epidermis
bone tissues
blood tissues in vascular system
nervous tissues
nervous tissues in brain
epithelial tissues
- reproductive tissues
- stratified squamous epithelium in epidermis
- columnar epithelium in lining of intestine
muscle tissues
- skeletal muscle tissues in voluntary muscles
- cardiac muscle tissues in heart
- smooth muscle in esophagus
structure of epithelial
tightly packed
little spaces between
function of epithelial
- protects body from drying out, injury, and bacterial invasion (external)
- protects but have additional function (internal)
structure of connective
made up of cells and extracellular matrix
functions of connective
● Binds structures together
● Provides support & protection
● Fills spaces
● Produces blood cells
● Stores fat
structure of muscular
Long & thin cells called
muscle fibers that relax
and contract
function of muscular
creates movement
structure of nervous
Contains specialized cells
called neurons
function of nervous
Work together to transmit electrical impulses
A sheet of cells that covers an
external or internal surface
epithelial
epithelial can be found in
○ Respiratory tract
■ Sweeps up impurities
by means of cilia
○ Digestive tract
■ Secretes mucus which
protects lining from
digestive enzymes
○ Kidney tubules
■ Enhanced absorptive
function by the
presence of microvilli
classification of epithelial tissues
squamous, cuboidal, columnar
Most abundant and widely
distributed of the primary tissues
connective
examples of connective
○ Bone
○ Blood
○ Cartilage
○ Adipose (fats)
Found around entry and exit sites of the body
(i.e. mouth and anus) and attached to bones
to create voluntary movement (e.g. locomotions, facial expressions, postures, etc.)
skeletal
Found in walls of major organs & passageways to create involuntary movements (e.g.
digestive, urinary, reproductive, airways, blood
vessels, etc.)
smooth
■ Contracts to pump blood
■ Controls under involuntary control
cardiac
■ Intercalated disks
permit contractions to
spread quickly throughout the heart
Nerve cells called ____, transmit impulses between parts of the
nervous system
neurons
contains nucleus as well as other organelles
nerve cell body
receives signals from sensory receptors or other neurons
dendrites
carrier of signal away from the cell body
axon
Glial cells called ____, support and nourish the neuron
neuroglia
