Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

MCN > LEC 4 > Flashcards

LEC 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Female Reproductive Anatomy and Physiology:
External Genitals Organs

A
  1. Mons Pubis
  2. Labia Majora
  3. Labia Minora
  4. Clitoris
  5. Vestibule of the Vagina
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Vestibule of the Vagina

A
  1. External urethral orifice
  2. Vestibule Glands
  3. Vaginal opening
  4. Hymen
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Vestibule Glands

A
  1. Paraurethral glands (Skene’s Gland)
  2. Bartholin Glands
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Internal Reproductive Organs

A
  1. Fallopian Tube
  2. Ovary
  3. Uterus
  4. Cervix
  5. Endometrium
  6. Myometrium
  7. Vagina
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The female bony pelvis has two unique functions:

A
  1. To support and protect the pelvic contents.
    (SUPPORT AND PROTECT)
  2. To form the relatively fixed axis of the birth passage.
    (FORM AXIS OF BIRTH PASSAGE)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

4 Bones of the Pelvis:

A
  1. 2 Innominate Bones
  2. Sacrum
  3. Coccyx
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Acetabular fossa

A
  1. Illium
  2. Ischium
    3 Pubis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Innominate Bones

A
  1. Ilium
  2. Ischium
  3. Pubis
  4. Sacrum
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

________ is the broad upper prominence of the hip.

A

Ilium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

__________ is the strongest bone, is under the ilium and below the acetabulum.

A

Ischium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

________ forms the slightly bowed front portion of the innominate bones.

A

Pubis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

_________ wedge-shaped bone formed by the fusion of five vertebrae.

A

Sacrum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Parts of Ilium

A
  1. Iliac Crest
  2. Anterior Superior Iliac Spine
  3. Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine
  4. Posterior Superior Iliac Crest
  5. Iliac Fossa
  6. Iliopectineal Line or Linea Terminalis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Parts of Ischium

A
  1. Ischial Tuberosity
  2. Ischial Spines
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Parts of Pubis

A
  1. Symphysis pubis
  2. Pubic Arch
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

________ where the weight of the seated body rests.

A

Ischial Tuberosity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

_________ serves as reference points during labor.

A

Ischial Spines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

_________ is the point of union of the two pubic bones at the anterior midline.

A

Symphysis pubis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

__________ is the triangular space below the junction of the symphysis pubis.

A

Pubic Arch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Clinical Significance: IF the angle formed is acute, it is very possible that the ischial spines are too _____ to one another resulting in a ______.

A

narrow pelvic cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

4 Parts of Sacrum

A
  1. Sacral Promontory
  2. Coccyx
  3. Sacrococcygeal Joint
  4. Symphysis Pubis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

__________ is a projection into the pelvic cavity on the anterior upper portion.

A

Sacral Promontory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

_________ is a small triangular bone last on the vertebral column.

A

Coccyx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

__________ is the point of coccygeal and sacral articulation, between the sacrum and the coccyx.

A

Sacrococcygeal Joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

__________ is the junction of the two pubic bones which are united by a pad of cartilage.

A

Symphysis Pubis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

The Pelvic Ligaments

A
  1. Sacroiliac Ligaments
  2. Sacrotuberous Ligaments
  3. Sacrospinous Ligaments
  4. Sacrococcygeal Ligaments
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

___________ is the strongest in the whole body, connects the sacrum to the iliac bones on each side.

A

Sacroiliac Ligaments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

_________ between the sacrum and the ischial tuberosities; one on each side.

A

Sacrotuberous Ligaments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

__________ is between the sacrum and the ischial spines, one on each side.

A

Sacrospinous Ligaments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

___________ is between the 5th and sacral vertebrae and the coccyx.

A

Sacrococcygeal Ligaments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Pelvic Diaphragm

A
  1. Deep Fascia
  2. Levator Ani
  3. Coccygeal Muscles
32
Q

Levator Ani

A

a. Iliococcygeus
b. Pubococcygeus
c. Puborectalis
d. Pubovaginalis

33
Q

The Pelvic Divisions

A
  1. False Pelvis
  2. True Pelvis
34
Q

___________ is the portion above the pelvic brim.

A

False Pelvis

35
Q

_________ supports the weight of the enlarged uterus and directs the presenting fetal part into the true pelvis.

A

False Pelvis

36
Q

_________ is the portion below the pelvic brim.

A

True Pelvis

37
Q

__________ is made up of the sacrum, coccyx, and innominate bones and represents the bony limits of the birth canal.

A

True Pelvis

38
Q

The True Pelvis has 3 major

A
  1. Pelvic Inlet
  2. Pelvic Cavity
  3. Pelvic Outlet
39
Q

The size and shape of the true pelvis must be adequate for normal ____ passage during labor and birth.

40
Q

____________ is the upper border of the true pelvis is typically rounded

A

The Pelvic Inlet

41
Q

___________ is a curved canal with a longer posterior than anterior wall.

A

The Pelvic Cavity

42
Q

__________ is situated at the lower border of the true pelvis

A

Pelvic Outlet

43
Q

Most common female pelvis (50%)

A

Gynecoid Pelvis

44
Q

Posterior segment is broad, deep, and roomy, and the anterior segment is well rounded

Has a wide and round pubic arch

A

Gynecoid Pelvis

45
Q

Inlet is rounded, with the AP diameter a little shorter than the T diameter

A

Gynecoid Pelvis

46
Q

Normal male pelvis
Inlet is heart shaped
AP and T diameters adequate for birth

A

Android Pelvis

47
Q

Has narrow sharp, and deep pubic arch
AP diameter is short, T diameter is narrow

A

Android Pelvis

48
Q

Approximately 20% of female pelvis
Arrest of labor is frequent, requiring difficult forceps manipulation

A

Android Pelvis

49
Q

Inlet is oval
Long AP diameter, short T diameter

A

Anthropoid Pelvis

50
Q

Outlet has a normal or moderately narrow pubic arch
Posterior and anterior sagittal diameters extremely long
Approximately 25% of female pelvis

A

Anthropoid Pelvis

51
Q

Inlet is a distinctly transverse oval
Refers to the flat female pelvis

A

Platypelloid Pelvis

52
Q

Short AP and extremely short T diameter
Outlet has an extremely wide pubic arch
Only 5% of female pelvis

A

Platypelloid Pelvis

53
Q

4 Pelvic Types

A
  1. Gynecoid
  2. Android
  3. Anthropoid
  4. Platypelloid
54
Q

The Female Hormones

A

a. Estrogen
b. Progesterone
3. Prostaglandins

55
Q
  • Contributes to “Femaleness”
  • Assists in the maturation of the ovarian follicles and cause endometrial proliferation
56
Q

3 classical estrogens:

A

Estrone
B-Estradiol
Estriol

57
Q

_______ controls the development of the female secondary sex characteristics:

A

Estrogen

  1. Breast development
  2. Widening of the hips
  3. Deposits of tissue (fat) in the buttocks and mons pubis
58
Q

ESTROGEN

Amount is greatest during the ___________ (follicular or estrogenic) phase of the menstrual cycle

A

proliferative

59
Q

Estrogen inhibit ___ production and stimulate ___ production

A

Estrogen inhibit Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) production and stimulate Luteinizing Hormone (LH) production

60
Q

Uterine sensitivity to ____ increases

A

Uterine sensitivity to oxytocin increases

BY: Estrogen

61
Q

_________ is secreted by the corpus luteum

Found in greatest amounts during the _____ (luteal or pregestational) phase of the menstrual cycle

A

Progesterone

62
Q

Decreases uterine motility and contractility caused by estrogens
Causes the endometrium to further increase its supply of nutrients

A

Progesterone

63
Q

Hormone of pregnancy
Prepares the breast for lactation

A

Progesterone

64
Q

Oxygenated fatty acids that are produces by the cells of the endometrium

A

Prostaglandins

65
Q

Two primary types of prostaglandins are:

A

groups E and F;
1. PGE - vasorelaxants/vasodilator
2. PGF - vasoconstrictor

66
Q

NEUROHORMONAL BASIS
Organs that play a great part:

A

Hypothalamus
Anterior Pituitary Gland
Ovaries
Uterus

67
Q

Ovarian Cycle

A

The follicular phase (days 1 to 14)
The luteal phase (days 15 to 28)

** for a typical 28-day cycle

68
Q

Follicular Phase

The immature follicle matures as a result of ___. The mature Graafian follicle appears on about the ___ day under ___ control of FSH and LH:

Cumulus oophorus
Zona pellucida

A

14th
—
dual

69
Q

Follicular Phase

Just before ovulation, the mature ____completes its first _____ division, yielding a:
- polar body: a small cell
- secondary oocyte: which matures into an ____

Mittelschmerz: mid-cycle pain (for some)
- Body temperature increases about 0.3 - 0.6C
24-48 hours after ovulation

A

meiotic
–
ovum
–

70
Q

Luteal Phase
Begins when the ovum leaves its _____
Corpus luteum _____ from the ruptured ____
If the ovum is fertilized and implants in the _______, the fertilized egg begins to secrete ____.

A

develops
–
follicle
–
endometrium
–
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

71
Q

__________ is an episodic uterine bleeding in response to cyclic hormonal changes

A

Menstruation

72
Q

Average length of The Cycle:

A

28 days (Range: 23-35 days)

73
Q

Average length of The Menses

A

4-6 days (Range: 2-9 days)

74
Q

Age of Onset of the Cycle

A

11-13 years

75
Q

Characteristics of Discharge

A
  • Dark, Reddish color
  • has a musty odor due to the decomposition of blood elements
  • a mixture of secretion of uvular sebaceous gland.
  • Amount of blood loss = 30-80 mL
  • Amount of iron loss = 0.5-1 mg daily
76
Q

Symptoms of Mens Cycle

A
  1. Sensation of heaviness & weight in the pelvic region, mild backache & cramping
  2. Slight nervous irritability - feeling of tenderness and anxiety
  3. Bladder & GIT irritability
  4. Changes in body weight = 1to 3 lbs. Shortly before the onset of menstruation w/c they lose promptly as menstruation begins
77
Q

Phases of the Menstrual Cycle

A
  1. Menstrual Phase
  2. Proliferative Phase
  3. Secretory Phase
  4. Ischemic Phase

MCN (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions