Lec 3- Public Health (Alcohol) Flashcards
1
Q
What is alcohol
A
- Psychoactive
- Produced via the fermentation of sugar contained in grains, fruits, other sources
2
Q
Why do people drink
A
- Elevated mood- up to and including euphoria
- Decreased anxiety
- Increased sociability
- Sedation
- Impaired memory
3
Q
Short term adverse effects of alcohol
A
- Varies by blood alcohol concentration
- CNS depression
- Varies by blood alcohol concentration
- Neurocognitive impairment
- Unconsciousness
- Respiratory depression
- Death
- Varies by blood alcohol concentration
- GI effects
- N&V
- Drug-alcohol interactions
4
Q
Long term adverse effects of alcohol
A
- Linked to 60 different conditions
- Breast cancer
- CVD- limit alcohol consumption could be cardioprotective
- Foetal alcohol syndrome
- Brain damage
- Alcoholic liver disease
5
Q
Alcohol-related liver disease
A
- Stage 1- fatty liver disease
- Excess fat in the liver
- Generally asymptomatic
- Stage 2- Alcoholic hepatitis
- Liver swells and cells begin to die
- Often jaundice
- Mild to life-threatening
- Stage 3- Alcoholic cirrhosis
- Normal tissue becomes permanently scarred
- Can lead to HTN, deterioration of brain function, liver failure
- A drinker with cirrhosis who continues drinking has a 50% chance of surviving another 5 yrs
6
Q
Social impacts of alcohol
A
- Accidents
- Anti-social behaviour
- Domestic violence
- Child abuse and neglect
7
Q
Units of alcohol
A
- Alcohol by volume
- Standard measure of how ethanol is contained in a given volume of an alcoholic beverage
- The number of mL of pure ethanol present in 100mL of solution at 20’C
- Units of alcohol
- 1 unit of alcohol= 10mL of pure ethanol
- (Strength (ABV) x Volume (mL) )/ 1000
8
Q
Alcohol- NHS recommended safe limits
A
- Men and women are advised not to drink more than 14 units a week on a regular basis
9
Q
NICE risk categories
A
10
Q
Definitions
A
- Harmful drinking
- A pattern of alcohol consumption that is causing mental or physical damage
- Hazardous drinking
- A pattern of alcohol consumption that increases someone’s risk of harm
- Binge drinking
- >8 units per day for men
- >6 units per day for women
11
Q
Alcohol use in England
A
- 57% of adults drank alcohol in the week prior to being asked questions
- Down from 64% in 2005
- In 2014-15, the prevalence of people with alcohol dependence, potentially in need of speacialist assessment and treatment in England was 595,131, which represented 1.393% of the 18+ population
12
Q
Estimated weekly alcohol consumption, adults
A
13
Q
Household consumption of alcoholic drinks in the UK
A
14
Q
Drinking frequency in the last week, by gender, GB
A
15
Q
Alcohol-related mortality
A
- In 2017, there were 5,843 alcohol-specific deaths in England
- 55% of these alcoholic liver disease
- 61 deaths amongst those in their 20s
- 35 liver disease
- 19 poisoning
- 6 due to mental/behavioural disorders due to alcohol use
- 1 due to alcohol gastritis
16
Q
Affordability of alcohol, UK, 1987 to 2018
A
- An upstream approach to reduce alcohol-related to harm
17
Q
Alcohol use disorders identification test (AUDIT)
A
18
Q
Audit: scoring
A
