Lec 27: Developmental Bone Diseases

Question 1

which two developmental bone diseases are primarily inflammatory?

Answer 1

panosteitis & hypertrophic osteodystrophy (HOD)

Question 2

name the disease:
disease of young dogs causing lameness, bone pain, endosteal bone production & occasional periosteal bone production

synonyms: enostosis, eosinophilic panosteitis, juvenille osteomyelitis, and osteomyelitis of young GSD’s

Answer 2

canine panosteitis

Question 3

what is the etiology of panosteitis?

Answer 3

unknown!

Question 4

osseous compartment syndrome is seen in this disease ______. some speculate the cause may be due to protein rich high calorie diet.

Answer 4

panosteitis

Question 5

excessive protein may cause ______ edema (referring to pano)

Answer 5

intraosseus

Question 6

secondary increased medullary pressure & ischemia is seen in _______.

Answer 6

panosteitis

Question 7

endosteal bone formed as marrow is invaded by bone trabeculae in _______.

Answer 7

panosteitis

Question 8

_______ is a disease of adipose bone marrow

Answer 8

panosteitis

Question 9

typical signalment for what disease?
- male large breed dogs (80%)
- young dogs less than 2 YO
- older dogs occasionally

Answer 9

canine panosteitis

Question 10

typical history for what disease?

hallmark is a shifting leg lameness
pain on deep palpation
may present as acute lameness on single limb
- usually a history of chronic intermittent shifting leg lameness

Answer 10

canine panosteitis

Question 11

you typically see single leg or _____ leg involvement during your gait analysis if your patient has panosteitis.

Answer 11

multiple

Question 12

TRUE OR FALSE: the severity of lameness varies in canine panosteitis, however it is generally a weight bearing lameness.

Answer 12

TRUE

Question 13

TRUE OR FALSE: with canine panosteitis, we generally do not illicit a pain response on direct palpation of the affected bone(s)

Answer 13

FALSE - pain on direct palpation

Question 14

canine panosteitis (can or can not) be seen in dogs after growth has ceased.

Answer 14

CAN

Question 15

in panosteitis, radiographic signs are typically progressive.
so, clinical sings may precede ______ ______ by up to 10 days

Answer 15

radiographic changes

Question 16

we should repeat rads in ___ to ___ days since rad signs lag behind clinical signs in pano.

Answer 16

7 ; 10

Question 17

radiographic findings in canine panosteitis
- ______ (narrowing/widening) of nutrient foramen
- radiopaque patchy/mottled bone ***
- endosteal ______ (thickening, thinning)
- periosteal new bone

Answer 17

• widening
• thickening

Question 18

on xray, pano looks like there are “____” within the bone.

Answer 18

clouds

Question 19

this radiograph is diagnostic of _______.

Answer 19

canine panosteitis

Question 20

panosteitis is a ___ limiting disease.

Answer 20

self

Question 21

what medical treatment is indicated for patients with panosteitis?

Answer 21

limit exercise, NSAIDS

Question 22

we should always warn the owner of a patient with panosteitis that ______ are common.

Answer 22

recurrences

Question 23

surgical treatment (is/is not) indicated in patients with panosteitis

Answer 23

IS NOT

Question 24

long term prognosis is (poor/fair/excellent) for a complete recovery of patients with panosteitis.

Answer 24

EXCELLENT!

Question 25

a disease causing disruption of the metaphyseal trabeculae, typically occuring in the long bones of young and rapidly growing dogs is called _________.

Answer 25

HOD - hypertrophic osteodystrophy

Question 26

true or false: HOD is also known as skeletal scury, moeller-barlow dz, osteodystrophy types 1 and 2…

Answer 26

true

Question 27

the etiology for HOD is _____. but people speculate that the cause may be due to ______ levels of vitamin C, OR over supplementation of dietary ______.

Answer 27

unknown ; decreased ; calcium

Question 28

____ causes are also suspected for HOD ; there are often times accompanying histories of recent GI and ______ issues.

Answer 28

viral ; respiratory

Question 29

people speculate there is a possible relationship between HOD and what vaccination? (spec. weimaraner puppies)

Answer 29

distemper virus

Question 30

there is _______ (widening or narrowing) of the physis due to _______ (increased or decreased) width of the hypertrophied chondrocyte zone in patients with HOD.

Answer 30

widening ; increased

Question 31

inflammatory infiltration of what two types of cells occurs in HOD

Answer 31

neutrophils & mononuclear cells

Question 32

osteoclastic _______ of most recently formed metaphyseal trabecular bone occurs in HOD.

Answer 32

resorption

Question 33

what disease is this a typical signalment of?
- young rapdily growing large breed dogs
- males
- clinical signs @ 3-4 months old (can be seen as early as 2 MO)
- weimaraners at increased risk

Answer 33

HOD

Question 34

what disease is this a typical history for?
- acute onset of lameness
- may be severely affected, some puppies may not walk
- inappetence, lethargy
- hx pf diarrhea may precede lameness

Answer 34

HOD

Question 35

on physical exam, you will find mild to severe lameness in all for limbs in (pano/HOD)

Answer 35

HOD

Question 36

___ bone metastases, swollen warm and painful on palpation and can have pitting edema seen on PE in patients with HOD.

Answer 36

LONG

Question 37

_____ often present in all four limbs on PE in patients with HOD.

Answer 37

swelling

Question 38

ddx with similar clinical signs and PE findings when thinking of HOD?

Answer 38

septic arthritis, septic physitis, panoestitis

Question 39

radiographic findings for patients with HOD include:
- ______ radiolucent line on metaphyseal side of physis, known as a “____ physis)
- widening of physis
- as disease progresses, periosteal new bone formation may span the ____ physis
- typically evidence in multiple limbs

Answer 39

• irregular ; double ; active