lec 25- speciation 2 Flashcards
what is Big Bird a hybrid of?
of a male cactus finch and a female ground finch
is the big bird considered a new species?
yes because they can breed and create successful offspring
what do Finch beak shapes and size do?
act as tools for feeding and affect vocalization
what are sonograms?
a tool that shows frequency and patterns of vocalization
what are cryptic species?
species that do not interbreed but look alike morphologically
what keeps cryptic species apart?
breeding behaviours (song recognition)
what are the different barriers that cause speciation?
-sympatric: no physical barrier, two populations in same area but genetically distinct
-allopatric: physical barrier, two populations separated causing no breeding
is a barrier to reproduction needed for a species to emerge?
yes
who wrote the lost world where isolation of species on an island occurs?
Arthur Doyle
what is vicariance?
geographical separation of a species
what did the formation of Isthmus of Panama (south and North America join) cause in shrimp and other species?
allopatric speciation, isolation between Caribbean and Pacific shrimp and molluscs
does Hawaii have many endemic species?
yes
how did cricket speciation on the Hawaii islands occur?
-female preference is genetically linked to the same chromosomes of male calling frequencies
-crickets dispersed from older to younger islands as they formed becoming genetically distinct species
how many endemic flies species live on the Hawaii islands?
800+
what is an incipient species and give an example?
a population of a species that is in the early stages of becoming a separate species, e.g. Western Ensatina Salamanders (only meet at border overlap and may interbreed)
what is paraptric speciation?
paraptric speciation is when two populations are separated in a large area without a physical barrier which still leads to the creation of a new species due to the population finding a new niche
what is one of the most fastest examples of adaptive radiation found in Africa?
Rift Lake Cichlid fish, from one species to any
are the cichlid very diverse?
yes, many different feeding adaptations and color morphs for certain habitats
what has caused a lot of extinction in cichlid species?
the introduction of the Nile perch
