[Lec 2] Key Terms: Structure of RNA

Question 1

mRNA

Answer 1

carrier of information from DNA

Question 2

mRNA

Answer 2

template for protein synthesis

Question 3

mRNA

Answer 3

generally has shorter life span

Question 4

mRNA

Answer 4

makes up small percentage of cellular RNA

Question 5

tRNA

Answer 5

adaptor molecule that “decodes” mRNA

Question 6

tRNA

Answer 6

each one is specific for a single amino acid

Question 7

tRNA

Answer 7

classic clover leaf shape

Question 8

tRNA

Answer 8

accounts for 10% of total cellular RNA

Question 9

rRNA

Answer 9

critical part of the ribosome

Question 10

rRNA

Answer 10

contains some catalytic ability like “ribozymes”

Question 11

rRNA

Answer 11

account for 85% of the cellular RNA

Question 12

microRNA

Answer 12

~18-25 nt; post-transcriptional; gene silencing; RNA interference

Question 13

smallRNA

Answer 13

~20-300 nt; modification of targets RNAs; synthesis of telomeric DNA; chromatin structure dynamics; transcription modulation; structural role; gameotogenesis

Question 14

Medium and Large RNA

Answer 14

300-10000 nt+; DNA imprinting; X inactivation; DNA demethylation; gene transcription; generation of other RNA classes; other functions

Question 15

RNA

Answer 15

ribose instead of deoxyribose in backbone causing less stable when exposed to alkali

Question 16

RNA

Answer 16

single stranded

Question 17

DNA

Answer 17

double stranded

Question 18

DNA

Answer 18

missing an OH in backbone

Question 19

RNA

Answer 19

secondary structure

Question 20

RNase P

Answer 20

find tRNA and cleaves off a sequence to load amino acids