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ANP Exam - T > Lec 16: Cranial and Spinal Nerves > Flashcards

Lec 16: Cranial and Spinal Nerves Flashcards

Cranial and Spinal Nerves

1
Q

Cranial Nerves

Olfactory Nerves (location)

A

From nasal mucosa to olfactory bulbs

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2
Q

Cranial Nerves

Olfactory nerves (function)

A

Afferent sensory fibers for smell

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3
Q

Cranial Nerves

Optic Nerves (location)

A

Fibers from retina form optic nerve which passes through optic foramen of orbit

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4
Q

Cranial Nerves

Optic Nerves (function)

A

Afferent sensory fibers for vision

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5
Q

Cranial Nerves

Oculomotor Nerves (location)

A

Fibers from ventral midbrain (near pons) through bony orbit eye

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6
Q

Cranial Nerves

Oculomotor Nerves (function)

A

Adjust and coordinate eye position during movemen

4/6 extrinsic muscles of eyeball

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7
Q

Cranial Nerves

Trochlear Nerves (pulley) (location)

A

Motor fibers from dorsal midbrain to superior oblique eye muscle

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8
Q

Cranial Nerves

Trochlear Nerves (pulley) (function)

A

Innervates trochlea to lift the eyes so you can look down

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9
Q

Trigeminal Nerves Divisions

A

Opthalmic division
Maxillary division
Mandibular division

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10
Q

Ophthalmic Division (location)

A

Runs forward in the lateral wall of the cavernous sinus below the oculomotor and trochlear nerves

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11
Q

Ophthalmic Division (function)

A

Purely sensory (afferent) nerve

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12
Q

Maxillary division (location)

A

Passes through the foramen rotundum and into the infraorbital canal, where, at the pterygopalatine fossa

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13
Q

Maxillary division (function)

A

Supplies sensory innervation to the middle third of the face

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14
Q

Mandibular Division (location)

A

Enters the infratemporal fossa and passes through the foramen ovale in the sphenoid bone

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15
Q

Mandibular Division (function)

A

Transmits the sensory information from the lower third of the face

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16
Q

Cranial Nerves

Abducens Nerves (location)

Not N.

A

In the pons at the floor of the fourth ventricle

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17
Q

Cranial Nerves

Abducens Nerves (function)

A

Controls extrinsic eye muscle that abducts eyeball

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18
Q

Cranial Nerves

Vestibulocochlear Nerves (location)

Not N.

A

Emerges from the brain at the cerebellopontine angle and exits the cranium via the internal acoustic meatus of the temporal bone

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19
Q

Cranial Nerves

Vestibulocochlear Nerves (function)

A

Sensory nerve for hearing and balance

Cochlear (hearing) and Vestibular (balance) branches

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20
Q

Cranial Nerves

Facial Nerves (location)

A

From pons to lateral face

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21
Q

Cranial Nerves

Facial Nerves (function)

A

Controls muscles that help you make expressions like raising an eyebrow, smiling or frowning

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22
Q

Cranial Nerves

Vagus Nerves (location)

A

From your brain to your large intestine

23
Q

Cranial Nerves

Vagus Nerves (function)

A

Responsible for the regulation of internal organ functions, such as digestion, heart rate, and respiratory rate

24
Q

Cranial Nerves

Accessory Nerves (location)

A

From the medulla of the brainstem

25
Q

Cranial nerves

Accessory Nerves (function)

A

Head rotation; Head tilting; Neck flexion

26
Q

Cranial Nerves

Hypoglossal Nerves (location)

A

From the hypoglossal nuclei pair in the lower medulla

27
Q

Cranial nerves

Hypoglossale Nerves (function)

A

Enables tongue movement

28
Q

Cranial Nerves

Oh, Oh, Oh, To Touch And Feel Very Good Velvet, Such A Heaven

A

Olfactory nerve (CN I)
Optic nerve (CN II)
Occulomotor nerve (CN III)
Trochlear nerve (CN IV)
Trigeminal nerve (CN V)
Abducens nerve (CN VI)
Facial nerve (CN VII)
Vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII)
Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)
Vagus nerve (CN X)
Accessory nerve (CN XI)
Hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)

29
Q

Cranial Nerves

Some say money matters, but my brother says big brains matter most

Sensory, motor or both

A

Sensory (CN I)
Sensory (CN II)
Motor (CN III)
Motor (CN IV)
Both (CN V)
Motor (CN VI)
Both (CN VII)
Sensory (CN VIII)
Both (CN IX)
Both (CN X)
Motor (CN XI)
Motor (CN XII)

30
Q

Spinal Nerves

Cervical Plexus and Neck (location)

A

C1-C4; - innervates neck structures

31
Q

Spinal nerves

Cervical Plexus and Neck (function)

A

Provide skeletal muscle control of the neck and upper torso as well as providing cutaneous sensation to parts of the occiput, neck, and shoulder

32
Q

Spinal Nerves

Brachial Plexus and Upper Limb (location)

A

C5-C8; Most T

33
Q

Spinal Nerves

Brachial Plexus and Upper Limb (function)

A

Major network of nerves transmitting signals responsible for motor and sensory innervation of the upper extremities, including the shoulder, arm, and hand

34
Q

Axillary nerve

A

To/from shoulder

35
Q

Musculocutaneous nerve

A

To/from biceps brachii and brachialis to flex arm

36
Q

Median nerve

A

Flexor muscles in anterior forearm and palm
(Pronate forearm, flex wrist/fingers, oppose thumb)

(Pronate forearm, flex wrist/fingers, oppose thumb)

37
Q

Ulnar nerve

A

Medial to elbow (“funny bone”) & follows ulna along medial forearm

(Wrist & finger flexion and adduction & abduction of medial fingers)

38
Q

Radial nerve

C5-C8

A

To humerus and dorsal part of hand

elbow ext., supination forearm, extension wris &fingers, abduction thumb

39
Q

Spinal Nerves- The Back

Dorsal Rami

A

Follow the segmented plan to innervate dorsal muscles and skin; no recombining into plexus

40
Q

Spinal Nerves - Anterolateral Thorax

Ventral Rami

T1-T12

A

Simple & segmented as for the dorsal rami– no recombining into plexuses

41
Q

Spinal Nerves - Lumbar Plexus

Lumbar Plexus

L1-L4

A

Branches travel to abdominal wall muscles and anterior and medial thigh

42
Q

Limbar Plexus

Femoral Nerve

A

Anterior thigh muscles -> Thigh flexors and knee extensors

43
Q

Lumbar Plexus

Obturator Nerve

A

Medial thigh -> Adductor muscles

44
Q

Spinal Nerves - Sacral Plexus

Sacral Plexus

L4-S4

A

Immediately caudal to lumbar plexus- branches to buttocks, lower limbs, pelvis

45
Q

Sacral Plexus

1) Sciatic Nerve

1-3 connected

A

Posterior thigh

46
Q

Sacral Plexus

2) Tibial Nerve

1-3 are connected

A

Behind knee joint to posterior calf and sole of foot

47
Q

Sacral Plexus

3) Common Fibular Nerve

A

To knee joint, calf (anterolateral) & dorsum of foot

48
Q

Sacral Plexus

4) Superior & Inferior Gluteal Nerves

A

To buttocks

49
Q

5) Pudendal nerve

A

Muscles & skin of perineum (e.g. erection, voluntary urination)

50
Q

Dermatome

A

Area of skin innervated by cutaneous branches of a single spinal nerve

51
Q

Endoneurium

A

Loose CT that encloses nerve fibre + associated myelin or neurilemma sheath

52
Q

Perinerium

A

Coarser CT wrapping around a group of fibres (fascicles)

53
Q

Epinerium

A

Tough fibres sheath around all the fascicles to make nerve

54
Q
A

ANP Exam - T (11 decks)

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