lec 15 Flashcards
cumulus congestus
cumulus coulds that being to have vertical development. the starting stages of a cumulonimbus
pileus clouds
orographic uplift on top of a cumulus cloud
mammatus clouds
usually accompany cumulonimbus clouds
form via the downward movement within cumulonimbus cloudy
stratosphereic clouds
promotes the breakdown of the ozone layer due to composition
-water vapor ad nitric acid
rare formation due to the lack of water in strato
banner clouds
cooling air mass pushed up against a moutnain
lenticular cloud
bannerclouds but higher in the atmos
carry a wave like pattern
can continue for many km past the moutntains
how are weather condiotns illistrated on a map
symbols
lapse rate
the decrease in temp of an air parcel with increasing elevation or altitude
what do the three types of lapse rate together measure
atmospheric stability of an air parcel
(wheter it will rise fall or stay were it is)
adibatic processes
the chnage in temp of an air parcel without heat transfer.
due to changes in pressure with elevation
assumes cooling of a parcel as it rises
dry adiabtic lapse rate
the cooling rate of unsatrated air
RH can be 50, 22, or 99%
10C per km
saturated adiabatic lapse rate
the rate of colling of a saturated air parcel.
a parel will only become saturated when it (begins as 100%) reaches the LCL
5C per km
why is the SLR slower than DLR
becuase saturated air parcels release latent heat, colling it further. this recudeds the rate at which it warms
at what rate will a sinking air parcel warm?
the DLR always.
skining allows the parcel to warm. warming from any points will increase the max hum if the parcel and it will immidiately become unstat
what is the environmental lapse rate
the ACTUAL rate of temp change of still air with elevation.
both the DALR and SALR are theoretical
what influences the stability of our atmosphere
the relationship between the DLS and/ or the SLR with the ELR
why don’t the ELR and the DLR or SLR equal each other?
because of other factors tat influences temp near the surface such as radiative cooling, fromtal interaction and the sun
why does precipitation occur
an air parcel with a substantial amount of vapor is lifted to such a height that it cools below its dew point, commonly through an adiabatic cooling processes
how does air change elevation in our atmosphere?
sue to changes in pressure- less pressure allows for rising and expanding (cooling) while more pressure causes falling and compression (warms).
note this occurs in an isolated air parcel
what is the lifting condensation level
the elevation point where unsaturated air becomes saturated and begins to cool at the SLR as it continues to rise
when is the LCL low?
when the air parcel is holding alot of water.
think about the sponge alaogy
