Leaves

Question 1

When does the stomata tend to close ?

Answer 1

Low water availability or low sunlight

Question 2

When does the stomata tend to open ?

Answer 2

Plenty of water and sunlight

Question 3

When does the stomata close ?

Answer 3

When the guard cells lose water to the neighboring epidermal cells and they become flaccid (limp)

Question 4

When does a stomata open ?

Answer 4

When water moves by osmosis into the guard cells causing them to become turgid ( swollen and hard )

Question 5

What happens to oxygen and any excess water vapour not used during photosynthesis?

Answer 5

They diffuse out of the leaf

Question 6

What is the purpose of the stomata ?

Answer 6

To allow the diffusion of gases

Question 7

What do guard cells do ?

Answer 7

They are on either sides of a stomata and they are responsible for the opening and closing of a stomata

Question 8

What is the stomata ?

Answer 8

Pores or spaces mostly found on the lower epidermis of the leaf

Question 9

What is the function of xylem vessels ?

Answer 9

To transport water and minerals to the palisade layer

Question 10

What is the function of Palisade cells that are packed with chloroplast?

Answer 10

Absorb light

Question 11

What is the function of close contact between the cells and the air spaces?

Answer 11

Allowed efficient gas exchange for photosynthesis and respiration

Question 12

What is the function of moist air?

Answer 12

Gases can dissolve into it for easier movement in and out of the cells

Question 13

What is the function of the thin cell walls ?

Answer 13

Allow gases to move in and out of the cells easily

Question 14

What is the function of the stomata in the lower epidermis?

Answer 14

Open in sunlight to allow gas movement in and out of the leaf

Question 15

What is the function of air spaces ?

Answer 15

Allow gas movement around the loosely packed mesophyll cells

Question 16

What are the internal leaf adaptations?

Answer 16

Air spaces

Many stomata people in the lower epidermis

Thin cell walls

Moist air

Close contact between the cells and the air spaces

Palisade cells that are packed with chloroplast

Xylem vessels

Question 17

What is the function of the upper epidermis ?

Answer 17

Transparent to allow sunlight to reach the palisade layer

Question 18

What is the function of a waxy cuticle ?

Answer 18

To prevent excessive water loss through evaporation

Question 19

What is the function of leaves having many stomata?

Answer 19

Allow movement of gases in and out of the air spaces inside the leaf by maintaining a steep concentration gradient

Question 20

What is the function of thin leaves ?

Answer 20

Gives a short diffusion distance of gases

Question 21

What is the function of leaves being broad and flat ?

Answer 21

Giving them a large surface area to capture light

Question 22

What are the external adaptations of a leaf ?

Answer 22

Broad and flat

Thin leaves

Many stomata

Waxy cuticle

Upper epidermis

Question 23

What are categories of leaf adaptations to carry out photosynthesis?

Answer 23

Internal adaptations and External adaptations

Question 24

What is the Spongy mesophyll layer ?

Answer 24

Found below the Palisade layer

This contains air spaces which allows CO2 to diffuse to the palisade layer and O2 to diffuse out

Question 25

What is the palisade mesophyll layer?

Answer 25

Found at the top of the leaf

Packed with many cells that contain chloroplast

This is where most of a plant’s photosynthesis occurs

Question 26

What are the 2 layers of the leaf ?

Answer 26

Palisade mesophyll layer and Spongy mesophyll layer

Question 27

How many layers is the leaf divided into ?

Answer 27

2