LEARNING THEORIES Flashcards
Concepts and propositions that would explain why people learn and predict under what circumstances they will learn.
LEARNING THEORIES
Behavioral modification through conditioning by means of reinforcement.
Learning occurs when associations are made between stimulus and response.
BEHAVIORAL LEARNING THEORIES
Beginning with simple concepts and building upon that knowledge, leads to mastery of the material.
BEHAVIORISM
WHO SAYS THAT Involuntary Actions (respondents) are learned through Classical Conditioning
PAVLOV & WATSON
- Stimuli that precede a response (antecedents)
- The response itself (operant)
- What follows a response (consequences)
OPERANT LEARNING (SKINNER)
THEORIST:
Stimulus and response bonds are strengthened simply because they occur together.
Example: Fear of a hot stove is learned when a child’s curiosity leads him to touch a stove and he feels pain.
JOH B WATSON & GUTHRIE
THEORISTS:
SR bonds are strengthened by
reinforcements like reward or punishment.
Example: The child learns to avoid the stove because the pain was a negative
reinforcer for the
behavior.
EDWARD THORNDLIKE & BURRHUS FREDERIC SKINNER
Consider how the learner thinks, reasons and transfers information to new learning situations
COGNITIVE LEARNING THEORIES
THEORISTS:
Meaningful learning is thought to occur only if existing cognitive structures are organized and differentiated.
Example: Fear of a hot stove is learned when a child’s curiosity leads him to touch a stove and he feels pain.
David Ausubel (Subsumption Theory of Meaningful Verbal Learning)
The core of this theory is that information is both processed and stored in three stages of memory.
ATKINSON AND SHIFFRIN (STAGE THEORY)
THEORISTS:
People Learn through: Observation, Modeling, and Imitation
ALBERT BANDURA
The act of watching somebody or something carefully for a period of time, especially to learn something.
-Students learn through vicarious experiences.
OBSERVATION
The act of copying somebody or something
IMITATION
are more likely to imitate the actions of others who seem competent, powerful, prestigious and enthusiastic such as Adults, Older Siblings, and Celebrities.
CHILDREN
A person or thing that is considered an excellent example of something.
describes the process of learning of acquiring new information, skills, or behavior through observation
MODELING
