Learning styles and strategies

Question 1

Cognitive styles - Field Dependent (Field Sensitivity)

Answer 1

Learns best when info is presented in context.
Sociable /Fluent lg learners
emphatic, communicative aspect 선호

Question 2

Cognitive styles - Filed Independent

Answer 2

Learns more effectively step-by-step and with sequential instruction.
Accurate lg learners

Distinguish parts from a whole.
analyze separate variables.

Question 3

Cognitive styles- Analytic

Answer 3

works more effectively “alone”

Question 4

Cognitive styles - Global

Answer 4

works more effectively “in groups”

Question 5

Reflective

speed 와 accuracy 기준으로

Answer 5

slower but more accurate/ make few errors

learns more effectively when they have “time to consider” new info before responding

Question 6

Impulsive

speed 와 accuracy 기준으로

Answer 6

Faster, less accuarate

learns more effectively when they can respond to new info “immediately”. / as lg learners, they are “risk takers”

Question 7

Ambiguity tolerance

Tolerance of ambiguity

Answer 7

it refers to “how comfortable a learner is with uncertainty”

Relatively open-minded in events and facts that contradict their own views.

Mijin always look up unfamiliar words in a dic. ->
“Mijin has a low tolerance ambiguity when reading”

Question 8

Left brain dominant

Answer 8

more analytical, reflective, and self-reliant

logical, linear processing of info.

Question 9

Right brain dominant

Answer 9

more global, impulsive and interactive.

holistic, integrative, emotional info.

Question 10

Individual differences

Answer 10

T-centered 에서 S-centered로 변화하면서,autonomy and individual differences가 중요해짐.

learning styles and strategies/

Question 11

learning style과 관련하여 교사의 역할

Answer 11

It’s important for Ts to recognize Ss’ preferences, strengths and weaknesses, propensities(경향) and abilities in order to match an effective methodological approach

(check-list 활용해서 identify learners’s styles)

Question 12

Learner-centered 상황에서 강조되는 것

Answer 12

Learner autonomy
Learners become aware of their own processes of learning

그러나 too much awareness can block open communication.

Question 13

Self-regulation (자기조절능력)

Answer 13

the autonomous process of developing awareness, setting goals, monitoring performance, using effective strategies, and holding positive beliefs about oneself

Question 14

Strategies 종류 두가지

Answer 14

Learning strategies (input)
Communication strategies (output)

Question 15

Metacognitive strategies

Answer 15

planning/ monitoring/ evaluation

She used metacognitive strategies in evaluation her learning process.

Question 16

Cognitive strategies

Answer 16

elaboration, note-taking, grouping, using resources, making inferences, summarizing etc. (PELT 272)

Question 17

Socio-affective strategies

Answer 17

Cooperating, clarifying
-> I ask a friend questions about school work
->She used social strategies to make herself
understood during the pair work.

Self-talk,
I write down my feelings in a language learning diary.

Question 18

Word coinage

Answer 18

Creating a nonexistent L2 word based on a supposed rule (e.g. vegetable-ist for vegetarian)

Question 19

Nonverbal signals

Answer 19

Mime, gesture, facial expression or sound imitation

Question 20

Prefabricated patterns

Answer 20

Using memorized stock phrases, usually for survival purposes. (e.g. How much is..?)

Question 21

Code-swtiching

Answer 21

Using an L1 word with L1 pronunciation while speaking in L2

Question 22

Appeal for help

Answer 22

directly ask a proficient speaker or teacher for the correct form, or consult a dictionary
e.g.) rising intonation, pause, eye contact - What do you call..?

Question 23

keeping the floor

Answer 23

using fillers or hesitation devices to fill pauses and to gain time to think
e.g.) well, now let’s see, uh, as a matter of fact

Question 24

Communication strategy 종류

Answer 24

1. avoidance
2. circumlocution
3. approximation
4. word coinage
5. nonverbal signals
6. prefabricated patterns
7. code switching
8. appeal for help
9. keeping the floor

Question 25

Strategies-based instruction

Answer 25

Teaching learners how to learn

Question 26

Intrinsic motivation

Answer 26

engage in the activities for their own sake
long-term retention

Jinsoo is intrinsically and integratively motivated

Question 27

Extrinsic motivation

Answer 27

It is important for her to show her ability to her family and friends.

Hye-ri is extrinsically motivated and engages in risk-taking behavior

Question 28

Integrative motivation

Answer 28

He feels that learning English is important because it will allow him to converse and be with various international speakers of English.

Question 29

faciliatative anxiety /

debiliative anxiety

Answer 29

1. helpful

This tension pushes her to do well in them.
Mijin experiences facilitative anxiety

Question 30

willingness to communicate

Answer 30

She enjoys participating in small group speaking activities. ->
Mijin has high willingness to communicate.

Question 31

risk-taking

Answer 31

She feels nervous when she speaks in English but tries to speak whenever she can.

Hyeri is extrinsically motivated and “engages in risk-taking behavior”

Question 32

Strategies 관련하여 교사의 역할

cognitive, metacognitive 둘로 나눠서

Answer 32

encourage Ss to use various kinds of strategies during the class. -> cognitive strategies

Ss are encouraged to be aware of their use of strategies by keeping a daily learning log. -> metacognitive strategies