Learning Principles Flashcards
Three fundamental domains of development:
•Physical
•Cognitive
•Psychosocial
The term __________ is the perspective
used, based on the confirmation from research that human growth and development are
sequential but not always specifically age related.
Developmental stage
3 important influences which act on & interact
with the individual to produce development:
*Normative age-graded influences
*Normative history-graded influences
*Normative life events
Biological processes, sociocultural (school, family, retirement)
Normative Age-graded influence
Generational or cohort events (WWII, Vietnam War, 911, age
of computer/Twitter)
Normative History-Graded Influence
Unusual, unique +/- events which cause a turning point in one’s
life-severe injury, divorce, new job
Normative life events
Developmental Characteristics
*Depedence
*Independence
*Interdependence
Totally dependent on others?
Dependence
When a child develops the ability to physically, intellectually,
and emotionally care for himself or herself?
Independence
Has sufficiently advanced in maturity?
Interdependence
Is the art and science of helping
children to learn?
Pedagogy
Erickson’s Eight Stages of Psychosocial Development?
1) Infancy (0-12 months)
2) Toddlerhood (1-2 Years of age)
3) Preschooler (3-5 Years of Age)
4) School-Aged Childhood (6-11)
5) Adolescence (12-19)
6) Young Adulthood (20-40)
7) Middle-Aged Adulthood (41-64)
8) Older Adulthood (65+)
Psychosocial Crisis of Infancy?
Trust vs Mistrust
Psychosocial Crisis of Toddlerhood?
Autonomy vs Shame & Doubt
Psychosocial Crisis of Preschooler?
Initiative vs Guilt
Psychosocial Crisis of School-Aged Childhood?
Industry vs Inferiority
Psychosocial Crisis of Adolescence?
Identify vs Role Confusion
Psychosocial Crisis of Early Adulthood?
Intimacy vs Isolation
Psychosocial Crisis of Middle-aged Adulthood?
Generality vs Self-absorption and stagnation
Psychosocial Crisis of Late Adulthood?
Ego integrity vs Despair
Patient education focuses on:
Stimulation
Nutrition
Safety measures
Health promotion
The sense of identity becomes clearer. Acquire new behaviors that give them more
Independence
?
Early Childhood
Progressed in their physical, cognitive, and psychosocial
skills?
Middle and Late childhood
Struggling to establish own identity;
seeking
independence and autonomy?
Adolescence
The Developmental Stages of
Adulthood?
Young Adulthood
Middle-Aged Adulthood
Late Adulthood
Art
and
science
of
teaching
adults?
Andragogy
Major implications for planning, implementing, and
evaluating for adults as the individual matures?
- The adult’s self-concept moves from being
dependent to independent, self-directed human being. - Previous experience serves as a rich resource for
learning. - Readiness to learn becomes increasingly
oriented to social roles. - Best motivated to learn when a need arises
in their life. - Learn for personal fulfillment.
Establishing long-term intimate relationship?
Young adulthood
Maintain independence and reestablish normal life
patterns
?
Middle Aged Adulthood
The
teaching
of
older
persons,
accommodating the normal physical, cognitive and psychosocial changes?
Geragogy
Coping with the reality of aging, mo?
Late Adulthood
False stereotypes which may lead to unsuccessful outcomes?
1) Senility
2)Rigid Personalities
3) Loneliness
4) Abandonment
Problems that can be overcome by older
adults using computers?
1) Hearing
2) Vision
3) Motor Control Tremors
4) Arthritis
5) Attention Span
