Learning Outcome 5: Understanding the principles of leadership and teamwork Flashcards
What are the key points of Maslow’s motivational model?
Motivational model developed by Abraham Maslow, according to this model human needs are arranged in a hierarchical order with physiological needs at the bottom followed by safety needs, social needs, esteem needs, and self-actualization needs at the top.
For example, leaders can ensure that their team members have a safe and comfortable work environment and access to basic resources like food and water. Once basic needs are met, leaders can focus on addressing higher level needs, such as social needs by fostering a sense of community and teamwork amongst team members, and esteem needs by recognising and rewarding their contributions.
What are the key points of Herzberg’s theory of motivation and job satisfaction?
Hygiene factors are basic needs that must be met for employees to feel satisfied with their jobs, but their presence alone does not necessarily lead to increased motivation or performance. Examples of hygiene factors include pay, working conditions, job security, and organisational policies.
Motivators are factors that contribute to job satisfaction and motivation, and are directly related to the work itself, examples of motivators include challenging work, opportunities for growth and development, recognition, and achievement.
Why it may be necessary to change leadership styles to effectively support the management of the a project?
Leaders need to adapt their style and approach to the needs of the team and the work that needs to be accomplished, this is called situational leadership there are some situations where the leader needs to be directive for example to address an issue that threatens the achievement of objectives.
A mentoring or coaching style is appropriate when there is time to focus on the development of the team as well as goal achievement, for much of the time when the team is established and working well, the leadership delegates responsibility for achieving activities to team members only intervening if evidence rises to suggest that poor performance is not to agreed expectations.
Situational leadership is dependent upon:
The Criticality of the Situation
Skills & Motivation
What are the key points of McGregor’s theory x and y?
According to theory X employees are inherently lazy and require constant supervision and motivation to get work done. In contrast theory Y assumes that employees are self-motivated and capable of taking responsibility for their work.
Leaders who are adhere to theory X may use more authoritarian leadership style closely monitoring their team members and providing strict rules and guidelines to ensure work is completed on time . Leaders who are dear to theory Y on the other hand may use more participative leadership style, encouraging team members to take responsibility for their work and contribute to decision making.
What are the seven characteristics of Effective Teams
- Clear goals and objectives - Effective Teams have clear goals and objectives that are specific, measurable, achievable, relevant and time bound.
- Strong Communication - Essential for effective teamwork, effective teams communicate regularly and openly, sharing information, ideas and feedback. They actively listen and respect each other’s opinions and perspectives.
- Collaboration - Effective teams collaborate and work together towards a common goal, they recognise each other’s unique skills, knowledge & experience, and leverage each other’s strengths.
- Trust - Effective teams trust each other to do their best, respect each other’s opinions and follow through on commitments, creating a supportive environment where team members are free to share ideas and concerns.
- Accountability - Effective teams hold themselves accountable for their actions and outcomes, they take ownership of their work and hold each other accountable for meeting deadlines and achieving goals.
- Diversity - Effective teams embrace diversity and recognise the value of different perspectives, backgrounds and experiences, in an environment where all team members feel valued and respected.
- Continuous Learning - Effective teams are committed to continuous learning and improvement reflecting on successes and failures, identifying areas for improvement and seek out opportunities for growth and development.
4 Explain factors that impact on leadership of Virtual Teams
Virtual teams are comprised of individuals who work remotely, often across different locations and time zones using technology to collaborate.
Challenges to virtual teams are:
Communication and collaboration tools
Cultural and language differences
Time zones and work/life balance
Building trust and accountability
Line managing performance and productivity
What is the Belbin Model?
Belbin - is widely recognised used to identify and understand team members strengths and weaknesses according to the model every team requires a balance of 19 roles, these include plant, resource investigator, coordinator, monitor evaluator, team worker, implementer, completer finisher, specialist, and shaper.
What is the Margerison-McCann model?
Team management profile is a model that helps individuals and teams understand their preferred management style and how they contribute to team effectiveness the model classifies management styles into four types:
The analyser
The driver
The creator
The integrator
Each management style is characterised by different preferences for activities such as problem solving, decision making, planning and communicating.
What is the Myers Briggs Model?
Assesses personality based on four dichotomies
extroversion v introversion,
sensing v intuition,
thinking v feeling
judging v perceiving,
Each dichotomy measures a different aspect of personality and individuals are classified into one of 16 personality types based on their results.
What is the Hackman model?
Five factors in hackman’s model include team design , supportive context, clear norms & expectations, adequate training, adequate rewards & recognition.
What is the Tuckman model
Four stages of Tuchman’s model include forming, storming, norming, and performing .
What is the Katzenbach & Smith model of high performing teams?
High performing teams include the following characteristics:
common purpose
clear roles and responsibilities
effective processes
skilled members
mutual trust
shared leadership
strong team identity.
