Learning Objective 2

Question 1

What is discrimination?

Answer 1

To discriminate is to deliberately act against a person/group of people or to favour a person/group above another.

Question 2

Give examples of discrimination (8).

Answer 2

Age
Gender
Sexual orientation
Culture
Disability
Race
Religion
Social class

Question 3

Who influences our ideas and behaviours (7) ?

Answer 3

Family
Media
Friends
Culture
Teachers
Role models
Work colleagues

Question 4

What is direct discrimination?

Answer 4

This occurs when someone is treated less favourably due to a particular characteristic for example race. It is also possible to be discriminated against for not holding a particular religion or belief.

Question 5

What is indirect discrimination?

Answer 5

Occurs when an organisations policies, practices and procedures have the effect of disadvantaging people who share certain protected characteristics. For example you may be treated like everyone else but this neglects your individual needs.

Question 6

Name the two types of discrimination.

Answer 6

Harassment and victimisation.

Question 7

What is harassment?

Answer 7

This is unwanted behaviour linked to a protected characteristic that violates someone’s dignity or creates an offensive environment for them.

Question 8

What is vicitmisation?

Answer 8

This is treating someone unfairly because they have complained about discrimination or harassment.

Question 9

Name the Equality Act 2010’s protected characteristics (9).

Answer 9

Age
Disability
Gender reassignment
Marriage and civil partnership
Pregnancy and maternity
Race
Religion
Sex (biological XX or XY)
Sexual orientation

Question 10

Name a few impacts of discrimination on families.

Answer 10

Frustration
Siblings can become disengaged or argumentative
Parents feel demoralised as they feel they cannot do things they used to
Resentful of the unfair treatment they are receiving
Financial costs to the family become difficult to manage
Affects the parents relationship
Health deteriorates
Family just simply give up, they stop trying to fight/find suitable treatment/services.
Disempowered due to lack of control over the situation.

Question 11

What is anti-discrimination?

Answer 11

It is a way of making sure that everyone is treated equally. This doesn’t mean treating everyone the same Pam it simply means that we need to ensure that everyone has equal access to all the services they need.

Question 12

How can discrimination be challenged?

Answer 12

Challenge all forms of discrimination
Speak out when unacceptable behaviour is shown
Encourage service users to report incidences of discrimination
Keeping calm

Question 13

What does prejudice mean?

Answer 13

This is an assumption or an opinion about someone simply based on that persons membership to a particular group.

Question 14

What does stereotyping mean?

Answer 14

This means to have a set idea about what a particular type of person is like, especially an idea that is wrong, it involves a fixed, over generalised belief about a particular group of people based on a characteristic they share.

Question 15

What does labelling mean?

Answer 15

This means to assign a category, especially in accurately or restrictively.

Question 16

What does disempowerment mean?

Answer 16

Individuals who have suffered discrimination can feel disempowered. They will feel a lack of control in their life, particularly if they are in residential care.

Question 17

What can cause low self-esteem and confidence?

Answer 17

This can be destroyed due to discrimination, leading an individual to feel worthless.

Question 18

What happens to a persons health and well-being after being discriminated?

Answer 18

The person becomes withdrawn and isolate themselves to avoid the situation. They may feel frightened about further discrimination and ill-treatment. Health problems can develop, such as high blood pressure or anxiety which can delay their recovery. Physical abuse can also have servitude and in some cases, fatal consequences.

Question 19

Name some possible indicators of financial and material abuse.

Answer 19

Unexplained bank withdrawals.
Unusual activity in the bank accounts
Unpaid bills
Unexplained shortage of money
Reluctance on the park of the person with responsibility for the funds to provide basic food and clothes etc.
Fraud
Theft

Question 20

Name some examples of restricted opportunities.

Answer 20

A job that is linked to a particular ethos may restrict a job opportunity to people.
A care home limits kitchen hours from 9-5pm may impact those with dietary needs.

Question 21

Why do people become unemployed when discriminated?

Answer 21

They feel they are unable to work due to the discrimination they have been subject to. For example if a employee has faced prejudice, there will be a lack of confidence and trust. Conversely, prejudice can prevent people from being hired in the first place.

Question 22

Name the different types of abuse (5).

Answer 22

Physical
Psychological
Verbal
Sexual
Neglect

Question 23

What is physical abuse?

Answer 23

This would include any acts which could cause physical pain.

Question 24

What is psychological abuse?

Answer 24

This would involve a person subjecting or exposing another person to behaviour that may result in psychological damage/trauma.

Question 25

What is verbal abuse?

Answer 25

This would include using words to maintain power or control, or to emotionally upset someone.

Question 26

What is sexual abuse?

Answer 26

This would include any type of unwanted sexual contact, such as touching breasts, generals and buttocks when the victim is dressed or undressed.

Question 27

What is Neglect abuse?

Answer 27

This is when a career fails to care for someone properly. Their basic needs for warmth, food and clean clothing are not met.

Question 28

What is bullying?

Answer 28

It is an ongoing and deliberate misuse of power in relationships or friendships through repeating verbal, physical and or social behaviour that intends to cause physical, social and or phycological harm.

Question 29

Name the common signs a child is being abused (9).

Answer 29

Unexplained changes in behaviour or personality
Becomming withdrawn
Seeming anxious
Becoming uncharacteristically aggressive
Lacks social skills and has few friends, if any
Poor bond or relationship with parent
Knowledge of adult issues inappropriate for their age
Running away or going missing
Always choosing to wear clothes that cover their body

Question 30

Name the common signs an adult is being abused physically (8).

Answer 30

Multiple bruising
Fractures
Burns
Bedsores
Fear
Depression
Unexplained weight loss
Assault

Question 31

Name the possible indicators of sexual abuse (10)

Answer 31

Loss of sleep
Unexplained or unexpected change in behaviour
Bruising
Soreness around the genitals
Torn, stained or bloody underwear
A preoccupation with anything sexual
Sexually transmitted diseases
Pregnancy
Rape
Indecent assault

Question 32

Name the impacts of discrimination on an individual (7)

Answer 32

Lack of social cohesion (feeling isolated)
Poor health and well-being
Restricted opportunities
Low self-esteem
Violence
Disempowerment
Unemployment

Question 33

Name the possible indicators of psychological and emotional abuse in a person (6).

Answer 33

Fear
Depression
Confusion
Loss of sleep
Unexpected changes in behaviour

Question 34

Name the possible indicators of neglect and acts of omission in a person (6).

Answer 34

Malnutrition
Untreated medical problems
Bed sores
Confusion
Over-sedation
Deprivation of meals may constitute “wilful neglect”

Question 35

Name the four types of discriminatory practice.

Answer 35

Direct discrimination
Indirect discrimination
Harassment
Victimisation