Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physical Science 11 > Learning Guides 7 and 8 > Flashcards

Learning Guides 7 and 8 Flashcards

1
Q

The positively charged central mass of an atom where electrons orbit; composed of the nucleons (protons and neutrons)

A

Nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The ones accounted for the mass of an atom

A

Nucleons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Each of two or more forms of a chemical element with the same atomic number but different numbers of neutrons

A

Isotopes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The spontaneous disintegration of the atomic nuclei by subsequent emission of subatomic particles

A

Radioactivity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Particles in radioactivity

A

Alpha, beta, electromagnetic rays

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Discovered the phenomenon of radioactivity

A

Antoine Henri Becquerel in 1896

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

An element that was observed that can blacken a photographic plate

A

Uranium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

A device used to measure the amount of electric charge of an object

A

Electroscope

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Inferred that radioactivity is associated with atoms; carried out experiments using polonium and radium (radioactive elements)

A

Pierre and Marie Curie

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Referred to decay-period

A

Half-life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Kind of decay that emits a helium atom (alpha particle)

A

Alpha decay

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Involves a conversion of neutron to proton; releases electron (beta particle)

A

Beta decay

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Termed as “relaxation” because it’s only a release of energy that simultaneously accompanies alpha and beta decay.

A

Gamma emission

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

These radioactive decays are subtypes of the beta decay.

A

Positron emission and electron capture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Wherein a proton changes into a neutron and an excess positive charge is emitted

A

Positron emission

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The so called capture of the electron allows a proton to turn into a neutron

A

Electron capture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Where stability of atoms depend on

A

Number of neutrons and protons (N, Z)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

The pattern of black lines; combinations of neutrons and protons that yield stable nuclei

A

Belt of stability

19
Q

The splitting of a nucleus that releases energy

A

Nuclear fission (“breaking up”)

20
Q

The combination of atoms that release energy

A

Nuclear fusion

21
Q

Devices used to accelerate charged particles at high energies

A

Particle accelerators

22
Q

Three parts of particle accelerators:

A

A source of the particle, tube pumped to a partial vacuum, a mean to speed up the particle

23
Q

A theory that proposes to combine the four known fundamental forces of nature

A

Unified Field Theory

24
Q

Four fundamental forces of nature:

A

Strong nuclear force, electromagnetic force, weak nuclear force, gravitational force

25
Q

Defined as a round object in space that orbits a star

A

Planet

26
Q

Qualifications of a planet:

A

Orbits a star, large enough to assume hydrostatic equilibrium (nearly round shape), has “cleared the neighborhood” around its orbit

27
Q

Mass of gasses in space that generate energy through thermonuclear reactions

A

Star

28
Q

An assembly of stars, planets, gas, and dust that forms a unit within the universe

A

Galaxy

29
Q

The totality of all masses and energy that exists in the immense space

A

Universe

30
Q

Cosmic bodies with high energy output

A

Quasars

31
Q

Identified galaxies beyond our own; used telescopes to estimate distances in extragalactic realm

A

Edwin Hubble

32
Q

The greater distance to a galaxy, the more its color shifted towards red; a change in a star’s spectrum towards longer wavelengths

A

Redshift

33
Q

States that the redshifts in the spectra of distant galaxies are proportional to their distance

A

Hubble’s Law

34
Q

Studied stellar structure, stellar dynamics, white dwarfs; Investigation of The Mathematical Theory of Black Holes

A

Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar (“Chandra”)

35
Q

Massive objects that have been completely and violently crunched by extreme gravitational collapse

A

Black Holes

36
Q

British theoretical physicist with groundbreaking works on black hole and relativity; “A Brief History of Time”

A

Stephen Hawkings

37
Q

Referred to when a star does not have sufficient mass to explode in a supernova

A

“Dead star” or white dwarf

38
Q

Producing neutron stars

A

Supernova

39
Q

Inert stellar cores that remain after a star has ended all core nuclear fusion

A

White dwarfs

40
Q

Stars composed of neutrons; created by the collapse of an iron core in a massive supernova approximately 10 miles in diameter

A

Neutron stars

41
Q

A location in space where gravity is so strong that neither particles nor light can escape from it

A

Black holes

42
Q

An intrinsic expansion where the scale of space itself changes

A

The Expanding Universe Theory

43
Q

One of the “future scenes” that scientists proposed will be the fate of the universe; tells that eventually after much expansion, the universe will eventually collapse

A

Big Crunch

Physical Science 11 (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions