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Physical Science 11 > Learning Guides 1 and 2 > Flashcards

Learning Guides 1 and 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

A Filipino story that states people came from Kawayan

A

Malakas and Maganda

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2
Q

Created myths to explain different elements of human life

A

Greeks

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3
Q

Collection of stories that explain the origins and lives of gods

A

Greek mythology

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4
Q

Greek poem that tells the story of the Trojan War

A

Homer’s Iliad

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5
Q

Story of the voyage of the hero Odysseus

A

Homer’s Odyssey

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6
Q

Describes the creation of man

A

Hesiod’s Works and Days

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7
Q

Oral telling of myths

A

Minoan and Mycenaean bards from the 18th century BCE onwards

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8
Q

A belief in one god; this God is said to have created everything

A

Monotheistic belief

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9
Q

The general theory of relativity conceptualized a static universe, but data, calculations, and observations have shown that the universe is not static but moving.

A

Static Universe Theory

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10
Q

A German-born American physicist who presented a theory on a static universe

A

Albert Einstein

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11
Q

A falsified truth making the theory of a static universe a “scientific myth”

A

The cosmological constant (c)

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12
Q

Holds that the universe is the same at all times and places

A

Concept of Continuous Creation (steady-state theory)

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13
Q

Proposed the steady-state theory

A

Hermann Bondi and Thomas Gold

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14
Q

The currently accepted explanation on the origin of the universe

A

The big bang theory

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15
Q

Introduced the geocentric view

A

Claudius Ptolemy (Ptolemy of Alexandria)

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16
Q

Usually denotes the shape of the Earth

A

spherical

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17
Q

Introduced the Heliocentric Model

A

Nicolaus Copernicus

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18
Q

States that the sun is located near the center of the universe (unmoving) with the planets orbiting around it

A

Heliocentric model

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19
Q

Credited by Copernicus as one of the proponents of the Heliocentric view

A

Aristarchus of Samos

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20
Q

It is where the heliocentric view was published.

A

On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres

21
Q

An author of The Civilizing Process who quoted some arguments on why geocentric model was accepted for a long time

A

Norbert Elias

22
Q

According to the Coperncian theory, motions of heavenly bodies are:

A

the same, eternal, are in epicylces

23
Q

The bodies that surround the Sun:

A

Mercury, Venus, Earth and Moon, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, and fixed stars

24
Q

Three motions of the Earth:

A

Annual revolution, tilting of its axis, and daily rotation

25
Q

Motion of the planets that can be explained by the Earth’s motion

A

Retrograde motion

26
Q

Medieval astronomer and mathematician; believed in the Geocentric view

A

Claudius Ptolemy

27
Q

A major work about the geocentric model published by Ptolemy

A

The Almagest

28
Q

Greek astronomer and mathematician; believed in the heliocentric view

A

Aristarchus of Samos

29
Q

Renaissance astronomer and mathematician; believed in the heliocentric view

A

Nicolaus Copernicus

30
Q

Major work of Nicolaus Copernicus

A

De Revolutionibus orbium coelestium - On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres

31
Q

Two types of matter under the geocentric view

A

Earthly matter, metaphysical matter (unearthly matter)

32
Q

Composed of earth, air, water, and fire prone to changes and deterioration

A

Earthly matter

33
Q

Celestial bodies that are moving around the earth

A

Metaphysical matter

34
Q

Characterized by all matters as one; “The physics of the universe is now the physics of earth” and vice versa

A

Heliocentric view

35
Q

A German astronomer who was known for discovering the three laws of planetary motions

A

Johannes Kepler

36
Q

A Danish astronomer whom Kepler based his astronomical data to formulate and verify his laws

A

Tycho Brahe

37
Q

To whom Kepler assumed Tycho’s position as imperial mathematician and astronomer

A

Roman Emperor, Rudolf II

38
Q

The three laws of planetary motion:

A

The Laws of Orbits, the Law of Equal Areas, the Law of Periods

39
Q

The first law of planetary motion states that the planets orbit the sun in elliptical paths, with the Sun as one focus of the ellipse.

A

The Law of Orbits

40
Q

The second law states that areas covered by the planets are the same at equal intervals,

A

The Law of Equal Areas

41
Q

Kepler’s third law states that the ratio of the cube of a planet’s mean distance (d) from the sun to the square of the orbital period (t) is a constant (d^3/t^2).

A

The Law of Periods

42
Q

An Italian physicist and astronomer known as the “father of modern science”

A

Galileo Galilei

43
Q

Where his observations of the cosmos where listed

A

The Starry Messenger

44
Q

Observations found that are in The Starry Messenger

A

Sun spots, “mountains and valleys” in the moon, phases of Venus, satelites of Jupiter

45
Q

How motion occurs without defining the forces that control them

A

Kinematics

46
Q

Time-squared law; shows that a distance travelled in free fall is proportional to he squared of the time it takes to travel

A

Law of falling bodies

47
Q

Projectiles are composed of two independent motions: vertical and horizontal components. The horizontal component (uniform motion), vertical (uniformly accelerated motion)

A

Motions of projectiles

48
Q

Galileo believed that an object moving in a uniform motion on Earth’s surface would continue to move without any force to keep it going, given that the object does not meet any resistance.

A

Inertia

49
Q

They initiated the scientific revolution.

A

Galilei and Kepler

Physical Science 11 (4 decks)

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