Learning & Ethology People

Question 1

Bandura

Answer 1

Studied observational learning (goes against behaviorism)

Question 2

Breland and Breland

Answer 2

Discovered instinctual drift

Question 3

Darwin

Answer 3

Theory of evolution and natural selection

Question 4

Garcia

Answer 4

Studied taste-aversion learning and proposed that some species are biologically prepared to learn connections between certain stimuli

Question 5

Köhler

Answer 5

Studied insight in problem solving (against behaviorism - criticized it)

Question 6

Lorenz

Answer 6

Ethnologist who studied unlearned, instinctual behaviors in the natural environment

Question 7

Pavlov

Answer 7

Discovered basic principles of classical conditioning

Question 8

Premack

Answer 8

Suggested Premack principle: that a more-preferred principle could be used to reinforce a less-preferred principle

Question 9

Rescorla

Answer 9

Performed experiments that showed that contiguity could not fully explain classical conditioning; proposed contingency theory of classical conditioning

Question 10

Skinner

Answer 10

Developed principles of operant learning

Question 11

Thorndike

Answer 11

Proposed the law of effect; used puzzle boxes to study problem solving in cats

Question 12

Tinbergen

Answer 12

Ethologist who introduced experimental methods into field studies

Question 13

Von Frisch

Answer 13

Ethologist who studied communication in honeybees

Question 14

Watson

Answer 14

Performed experiment on Little Albert that suggested that the acquisition of phobias as due to classical conditioning

Question 15

Wilson

Answer 15

Developed sociobiology

Question 16

Wolp

Answer 16

Developed method of systematic desensitization to eliminate phobias