Learning Disability

Question 1

define learning disability

Answer 1

a condition with arrested/incomplete development of the mind which is especially characterised by the impairment of skills manifested during developmental period which contribute to the overall level of intelligence

Question 2

what are some genetic causes of learning disability?

Answer 2

> single gene
 - fragile x
 - relts syndrome
> microdeletion
 - prader willi
 - di George syndrome
> angelman syndrome
> downs syndrome

Question 3

what are some infective causes of learning disability?

Answer 3

> antenatal
 - rubella
> postnatal 
 - meningitis
 - encephalitis

Question 4

name a toxic cause of learning disabilities

Answer 4

foetal alcohol syndrome

Question 5

what trauma can lead to learning disabilities?

Answer 5

> birth asphyxia

> head injury

Question 6

what conditions are associated with learning disabilities?

Answer 6

> epilepsy
> sensory impairment (hearing and vision)
> obesity
> respiratory problems (infections and aspiration)
> cerebral palsy
> dental
> GI
 - constipation
 - h pylori
 - swallowing problems
 - reflux oesophagitis
> mental health problems
 -  mood disorders
 - OCD
 - autism
 - overactivity syndrome
 - challenging behaviour
 - forensic

Question 7

what is the criteria of learning disability?

Answer 7

> intellectual impairment (less than 70)
> social/adaptive dysfunction. deficits in 2 or more of:
 - communication
 - self care
 - social skills
 - leisure/work
 - health and safety
 - self direction
> onset in the developmental period (18)

Question 8

what is the role of the health professional in regards to learning disability?

Answer 8

> time and patience
> recognise non-verbal clues
> alternative communication strategies
> support carers
> build a rapport over several meetings