Learning Disabilities

Question 1

what is a learning difficulty

Answer 1

an impairment that does not affect intellect (ADHD, dyslexia)

Question 2

what is a learning disability

Answer 2

significant reduced ability to
understand new or complex information, to learn new skills (impaired intelligence), with a reduced ability to cope independently (impaired social
functioning), which started before adulthood’.

Question 3

what age is the learning disability label given to people

Answer 3

18 years old

Question 4

mild learning disability is

Answer 4

approximate IQ range of around 50-69 IQ. `Mental age 9-12 years. Can still maintain good social relationships and contribute to society.

Question 5

moderate learning disability is

Answer 5

approximate IQ range of around 35-49 IQ mental age 6-9 years. Adults will need varying levels of support to live and work in the community.

Question 6

severe learning disability is

Answer 6

approximate IQ range of around 20-34 IQ mental age 3-6 years. Likely to result in continuous need of support.

Question 7

profound learning disability is

Answer 7

IQ under 20 mental of below 3 years. results in severe limitation in self-care, continence, communication and mobility.

Question 8

causes of learning disabilities

Answer 8

genetics
events before birth
events during birth
events after birth

Question 9

percentage of the population that have a learning disability

Answer 9

2%

Question 10

Human rights act main articles

Answer 10

article 2 - the right to life
article 3 - everybody has the right not to be tortured in an inhumane or degrading way
article 14 - the right to not be discriminated against in the enjoyment of your other rights.

Question 11

equality act main points

Answer 11

you have a disability
someone thinks you have a disability
you are connected to someone with a disability

Question 12

equality act 6 main types of disability discrimination

Answer 12

direct discrimination
indirect discrimination
failure to make reasonable adjustments
discrimination arising from disability
harassment
victimisation

Question 13

mental capacity act

Answer 13

ensures that adults with learning disabilities are adequately protected if they cannot make decisions for themselves. It aims to enable people to make as many of their own decisions for as long as they are deemed capable of doing so.

Question 14

what causes Down syndrome

Answer 14

extra chromosome

Question 15

health conditions associated with Down syndrome

Answer 15

heart conditions
hearing and vision problems
thyroid problems
pneumonia

Question 16

the gene that mutates resulting in fragile X syndrome

Answer 16

FMR1

Question 17

what is dyslexia

Answer 17

learning difficulty that can cause problems with reading, writing and spelling

Question 18

how many people in the uk suffer from dyslexia

Answer 18

1in10

Question 19

is dyslexia a learning disability or difficulty

Answer 19

learning difficulty

Question 20

what is dyspraxia

Answer 20

known as the developmental co-ordination disorder, affects physical coordination of a patient, making them clumsy.

Question 21

risk factors for dyspraxia

Answer 21

being born prematurely before the 37th week of pregnancy
being born with a low birth weight
having family history of DCD
mother drinking alcohol during pregnancy

Question 22

what is dyscalculia

Answer 22

difficulty in understanding numbers which leads to difficulties with mathematics

Question 23

percentage of people with dyscalculia

Answer 23

6%

Question 24

what is cerebral palsy

Answer 24

group of lifelong conditions that affect movement and coordination.

Question 25

what is auditory processing delay

Answer 25

difficulty hearing and understanding:
speaking in a noisy environment
people who have strong accents or speak quickly
similar sounding words, for example pin and tin
spoken instructions

Question 26

what causes cerebral palsy

Answer 26

can occur if a baby’s brain doesn’t develop normally while in the womb, during birth or damaged soon after birth.

Question 27

what age do people with a learning disability become eligible for an annual check-up

Answer 27

14 years and over

Question 28

how can we adapt communication to aid those affected

Answer 28

talk in person
in writing
on the phone

give full attention and show positive body language
speak clearly
take your time and don’t rush your sentences
use visual cues
use short sentences
ask for help from the patients family or carers

Question 29

what does TEACH stand for

Answer 29

Time
Environment
Attitude
Communication
Help

Question 30

define harm

Answer 30

damage or injury caused by a person or event

Question 31

define the social model of disability

Answer 31

that people are disabled by barriers in society, not by their impairment. Barriers can be physical; e.g., no accessible toilets or by people’s attitude

Question 32

define the medical model of disability

Answer 32

The medical model of disability says people are ‘disabled by their
impairments or differences’.
It looks at what is ‘wrong’ with the person, not what the person needs.