Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Neuroscience Unit 4 > Learning and memory > Flashcards

Learning and memory Flashcards

1
Q

Blinking when someone pretends to throw a ball at your face would be what type of learning?

A

reflex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

A cascade of yawning a classroom would be what kind of learning?

A

Fixed action pattern

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Someone blows a loud horn which causes you to jump. If they continue to blow the horn periodically and you no longer jump every time, what kind of learning would this be?

A

habituation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

A person just experienced a violent earthquake and is subsequently sensitive to loud noises and movement. What type of learning is this?

A

Sensitization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the 2 types of associative learning?

A

classical and operant conditioning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

______ _____ are those behaviors that must be learned?

A

Conditioned response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Unconditioned responses appear ____ prior experience to a stimulus

A

without

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What element of classical conditioning can produce a conditioned response?

A

conditioned stimulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Who is the father of operant conditioning?

A

B. F. Skinner

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the basic idea of operant conditioning?

A

organisms form connections between a behavior and its consequences and it impacts the subsequent frequency of the behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Reinforcement _____ behavior and punishment ______ behavior

A

increases, decreases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How do we categorize memory systems?

A

Information to be recalled, conscious processing, temporal recall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What kind of memory is explicit?

A

declarative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What two branches is declarative memory split into?

A

semantic and episodic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is implicit memory?

A

nondeclarative, procedural

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does the information processing model describe?

A

Information flows through a series of stages on its way to permanent storage in memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How long does sensory memory last?

A

1-2 seconds

18
Q

How long does short term memory last?

A

15-18 seconds

19
Q

What kind of memory involves top down processing or active organization?

A

explicit

20
Q

What kind of memory involves the conscious recollection of events, words, objects?

A

Explicit

21
Q

What kind of memory is processed how it is perceived in the nervous system?

A

Implicit

22
Q

What kind of memory does the pursuit rotor task test for?

A

Implicit

23
Q

What kind of memory can involve elements of implicit and explicit memory?

A

Emotional memory

24
Q

What neural circuits are involved in a na implicit motor learning task?

A

neocortex, basal ganglia, ventral thalamus, pre motor cortex

25
Q

What theory are Squire and Bayley responsible for?

A

Consolidation theory

26
Q

What is consolidation theory?

A

The hippocampus consolidates new memories to make them permanent but they are stored in the neocortex

27
Q

Who coined the multiple trace theory of explicit long term memory?

A

Nadel and Moscovitch

28
Q

In the multiple trace theory, what lobe is involved with factual semantic memory?

A

temporal

29
Q

What are our memories linked to int he multiple trace theory?

A

autobiographical episodes

30
Q

What theory notes that memories can change as they are reprocessed?

A

multiple trace theory

31
Q

What theory claims that one event or memory may have many traces?

A

Reconsolidation theory

32
Q

Who coined the theory that involves the idea that memories are reconsolidated and when they are, they become stored as a new memory?

A

Tronson and Taylor

33
Q

What neurotransmitter substances are implicated in explicit memory?

A

norepinephrine, acetycholine, seratonin

34
Q

Animal studies link the hippocampus to _____ memory

A

spatial

35
Q

What type of explicit memory provides context for events during an episode?

A

relational/episodic

36
Q

If a subject performs a stem completion task, does well, but has no memory of seeing or performing the task, what kind of memory could they have a problem with?

A

explicit

37
Q

What structure is key for forming relational memories?

A

hippocampus

38
Q

Verbal info is processed in the ___ hippocampus and spatiral or non verbal infor is processed in the ___ hippocampus

A

left, right

39
Q

Damages to structures projecting into or out from the hippocampus can produce impairment in _____ memory

A

relational

40
Q

Inability to form new memories is called what?

A

anterograde amnesia

41
Q

Inability to recall old memories is called what?

A

retrograde amnesia

42
Q

What structures were removed from HM’s brain?

A

bilateral medial temporal lobe, hippocampus

Neuroscience Unit 4 (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions