Learning and Memory Flashcards

1
Q

one of the most fundamental mental processes

A

memory

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2
Q

study this process by
using extremely diverse strategies

A

Neuroscientists

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3
Q

Two different approaches aimed at understanding learning and memory

A
  1. roles played by synaptic
    plasticity, and its regulatory
    mechanism
  2. elegant chick-quail transplantation system
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4
Q

the organ that is responsible for what we call the mind

A

Brain

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5
Q

It is the basis for thinking, feeling, wanting, perceiving, learning and memory, curiosity, and behavior

A

Brain

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6
Q

is a fundamental mental process, and without it we are capable of nothing but simple reflexes and stereotyped behaviors

A

Memory

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7
Q

a behavioral change caused by an experience

A

memory

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8
Q

Kind of memory that concerns events and facts, and are available to our consciousness

A

Declarative memory

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9
Q

not available to consciousness, the memory that is needed, for example, to use a previously learned skill.

A

procedural memory

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10
Q

T or F. Is declarative and procedural memory independent?

A

True

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11
Q

part of the brain considered important for declarative memory

A

cerebrum and hippocampus

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12
Q

part of the brain considered important for procedural memory

A

cerebellum

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13
Q

it has been considered to be the cause of memory

A

change in the transmission efficacy at the synapse (synaptic plasticity)

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14
Q

a process for acquiring memory

A

learning

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15
Q

A particular pattern of synaptic usage or stimulation, believed to induce synaptic plasticity

A

conditioning stimulation

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16
Q

In the cerebellum, the combined activation of two different synaptic inputs to a particular neuron depresses the transmission efficacy at a synapse

A

Purkinje neuron

17
Q

persistent depression on the transmission efficacy at a synapse

A

long-term depression (LTD)

18
Q

has been considered to be the cellular basis of motor learning.

A

long-term depression (LTD)

19
Q

2 frontiers in the study of synaptic plasticity is to clarify the role of plasticity in learning and memory

A

have used inhibitors and blocked a function of a certain molecule

20
Q

mouse that is deficient in a specific native molecule used in the study of synaptic plasticity

A

knockout mouse/ mutant mouse/ transgenic mouse

21
Q

the reflex that moves the eyes in the opposite direction to head motion, allowing the animal to fixate on the visual image

A

vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR)

22
Q

taxonomic group of birds, learned to sing by imitation

A

oscines or true songbirds

23
Q

learning: past, present, future; memory:__

24
Q

learning and memory exist together in the three stages:

A

encoding, storage (memory), and retrieval

25
Individuals may learn new skills using different methods, such as
auditory, visual, or kinetic learning methods
26
Ways to Improve Learning and Memory Functions
sleep music training Deeper Explanations and Variations The Power of Perception Counseling for Memory and Learning Issues
27
they have been found to retain higher amounts of learned content, have higher IQs, and often have higher-quality memory abilities
musicians
28
has been shown to positively impact children; the best results generally occur if the activity begins before the age of seven.
music training
29
T or F. Learning can occur consciously and unconsciously
True
30
Three most common types of memory
1. sensory memory 2. short term memory 3. long term memory
31
it gathers what the human senses pick up on and generally only lasts for a mere second.
sensory memory
32
lasts for relatively brief periods and usually stores minimal bits of information
Short term memory
32
lasts for relatively brief periods and usually stores minimal bits of information
Short term memory
33
T or F. In the mind, particular recollections are proven not to be altered, planted, distorted, or forgotten
False
34
can be caused by life experience, nurture, and biology. can impact what they learn and memorize and how it is memorized
perception