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Bio & Cognitive Stuff > Learning And Memory > Flashcards

Learning And Memory Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what is learning mediated by?

A

structural changes in the synapses

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2
Q

what does LTP stand for?

A

Long Term Potentiation

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3
Q

what is LTP?

A

a long-lasting increase in synaptic efficacy following high-frequency stimulation of afferent fibers

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4
Q

what does LTP do in the hippocampus?

A

it enhances the ability of a stimulus to produce cell firing=learning

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5
Q

What do NMDA and AMPA do?

A

they are receptors of glutamate and mediate excitatory synaptic transmission by gating the flow of calcium and sodium ions into the cell

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6
Q

What is NMDA selective to?

A

calcium ions

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7
Q

what is AMPA selective to?

A

sodium ions

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7
Q

what is AMPA selective to?

A

sodium ions

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8
Q

what is the Key Hebbian principle?

A

“cells which fire together wire together, cells which fire apart wire apart”

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9
Q

what is Long term depression (LTD)?

A

decrease in synaptic strength due to low fequency stimulation of a neuron

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10
Q

what does LTD result in

A

forgetting previous learning

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11
Q

what is explicit memory?

A

information that you’re trying to remember is stored here

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12
Q

what is the medial temporal lobe - HM Case?

A

removal of the hippocampus and surrounding cortex caused him to forget the events of his daily life as fast as they occur

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13
Q

what is implicit memory?

A

memory of actions

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14
Q

examples of implict memory include..

A

priming, mirror-drawing task

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15
Q

what is the perirhinal cortex?

A

responsible fo linking aspects of information about objects important for object recognition

16
Q

what is the striatum?

A

role is to form stimulus-response associations for example habits

17
Q

in 1924 Jenkins and Dallenback observed that..

A

sleep facilitates long-term memory formation as p’s displayed improved memory of nonsense syllables

18
Q

what is the dual process hypothesis?

A

declarative (explicit) memory benefits from non-rem sleep and nondeclarative memory is supported by rem sleep

19
Q

what is the sequential hypothesis (SH)?

A

memories acquired during wakefulness are processed during sleep in two serial steps respectively occurring during slow wave sleep (SWS) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep.

20
Q

Accoridng to the SH what happens to memories during non-rem sleep?

A

nonadaptive memories are weakened

21
Q

Accoridng to the SH what happens to memories during rem sleep?

A

adaptive memories are integrated and stored in preexisting knowledge networks

22
Q

what is the active system consolidation hypothesis (ASC)?

A

an active process which redistributes encoded memories from the hippocampus

Bio & Cognitive Stuff (10 decks)

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