Learning Flashcards
What three things are essential for keeping the body supplied with oxygen?
Airways - a clear airway which air, containing oxygen, can enter
Breathing - air enters the lungs which passes into the blood
Circulation - a pumping heart and enough blood to carry oxygen to the body
What can cause a block in the airway?
Unconsciousness - tongue flopping back
Something in the airway - choking
How can you tell if someone has stopped breathing?
They will become unconscious. Their appearance will be pale/ blue/ grey and there will be no breathing sounds.
What can stop you from breathing?
Choking
Unconciousness
A heart attack
An injury to chest or head
Drowning
Poisoning - drugs or toxic gases
An allergy
What does the cardiovascular system consist of?
Heart
Blood
Blood vessels
What are the symptoms of shock?
Clammy, cold and wet hands
Person is weak and unable to stand
What are some causes of shock?
Severe blood loss
Heavy fluid loss e.g. diarrhoea
Failure of the heart to pump properly
Infections of the body
Where can you get STI’s diagnosed?
The GUM clinic (Genitourinary medicine)
What is the normal body temperature?
37 degrees Celsius
Fainting should never last longer than how many minutes?
2 minutes MAXIMUM
What is the largest artery in the body?
The Aorta
What is the function of our kidneys?
To flush out any waste from our blood
What is a reason for needing to know whether someone has diabetes?
Diabetes can make you more prone to infection
What is Anaphylaxis?
A severe and sometimes life threatening reaction to a trigger, e.g. an allergy
What age of children are prone to abuse?
Children under 1 - shaken baby syndrome. Shaking for 5 seconds can serious damage a baby
What takes first priority in a call?
Ensuring the person is breathing and not losing lots of blood
What are two reasons for finding out whether someone has had cancer?
- Cancer makes your body more prone to infection
2. Cancer can spread and reoccur after it has been treated
Why does blood spurt out of the body when an artery is cut?
Your pulse rate is every time you heart beats and pumps blood around the body. Blood spurts out of the cut with each beat.
What is an AAA?
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm - a bulge or swelling in the aorta
List 3 symptoms of meningitis in an adult
- fever
- unable to tolerate bright lights
- blotchy rashes across the body (glass test)
3 symptoms of meningitis in children?
- fever
- not wanting to be held and unusual crying
- vomiting
- blotchy skin
Why does blood look bright red or have dark brown bits in it when there has been bleeding high up in the digestive tract?
It is a sign that the blood has reacted to contact with stomach acids
Why can ear problems make you feel dizzy?
Signals are sent from nerves to the brain from the ears whilst helps keep up balanced. If an ear is blocked this can disrupt the signals, making us feel unbalanced.
Why might an injury cause pale skin/ blueness and cold skin.
This shows there has been a cut off of blood supply under the injury. E.g. blue fingers.
Symptoms of a heart attack
- pain in the chest, abdomen, arms
- shortness of breath
- vomiting
- coughing or wheezing
- sense of doom (anxiety)
4 symptoms of sinusitis
- Fatigue
- Thick off coloured discharge
- Lack of smell
- Headaches
2 factors of head injury that show you should be taken to hospital in an ambulance
Loss of consciousness
Experiencing a seizure
What is a rigid?
A violent shake, usually happens with the flu
What is shock?
The body goes into shock when the cardiovascular system fails the pump enough blood around the body the the vital organs
5 injuries that could be life threatening
- drowning
- self harm
- sharp wounds (knife attack)
- A burn
- involvement in a traffic collision
State one problem with the over use of antibiotics
The bacteria becomes immune to the antibiotic so it still multiplies
State one symptom of spinal cord damage
A loss of feeling to a part of the body
What is wheezing?
A whistiling sound that comes from the chest
Why do you still need treatment when involved in a near miss accident when drowning?
There may be water in the lungs which can cause swelling and irritation, can be life threatening
3 symptoms of wound infection
- fever
- redness
- swelling
- pain
- pus
3 symptoms of anaphylaxis
- difficulty breathing
- swollen/ red eyes
- urticaria
What is an adrenal crisis?
A drop in blood pressure which can be life threatening
Where is the flank located?
It is the fleshy part under the rib cage and above the hips on both sides
What is crush syndrome?
Where a part of the body gets crushed through direct force.
