Learning 2 Flashcards
define associative learning
learning about the relationship between two seperate stimuli and a new response becomes associated with a particular stimulus
define classical conditioning
a learned association between a previously neutral stimulus (CS) and a previously meaningful stimulus (UCS)
(e.g. ringing a bell when giving a dog food so the dog learns when they hear the bell it means food)
example of classical conditioning
Classical conditioning can make an animal show a fearful response to a vet if the vet previously performed a painful procedure
(e.g. injection)
operant conditioning
A change in the probability of a behaviour being performed due to a learned association between that behaviour and a meaningful consequence for the animal
learns that this behaviour is followed by consequence (punishment) and behaves accordingly in the future
examples of classical vs operant
classical
- stimulus : bell
- behaviour : drool
operant
- behaviour : bell
- reward : outside
classical condition - theres the bell, its time for food
operant conditioning - its time for food I should press the lever
what are the principles of reinforcement
reinforcers and emotion
reinforcement and punishment referring to change in the affective state of the animal and hence the change in the likelihood of performing a behaviour which it is contingent upon
primary and secondary resources
what is the primary reinforcer
an evolved biological meaning for the animal, should be approached or avoided in the ancestral environment
what is the secondary reinforcer
have become reinforcing / punishing through learned association (classical conditioning)
e.g clicker
describe punishment
an aversive event that decreases the behaviour that it follows
punished behaviour is not forgotten, its suppressed - behaviour returns when punishment is no longer present
