Learning Flashcards
What is a reflex?
motor/neural reactions to a specific stimulus.
what is an Instinct?
– behaviors triggered by a broader range of events (e.g., aging, change of seasons).
What is Classical Conditioning?
There are 4 types
When a neutral stimulus becomes associated
with a stimulus that produces a reflexive
behavior.
What is an unconditioned Stimulus?
a stimulus that leads to an automatic response
what is an unconditioned Response?
an unlearned response that occurs naturally in reaction to the unconditioned stimulus
What is a Conditioned Stimulus?
a previously neutral stimulus that eventually triggers a conditioned response.
What is a Conditioned Response?
The conditioned response is the learned response to the previously neutral stimulus.
_ occurs when similar CSs
elicit the same CR.
Stimulus generalization
What is Stimulus generalization?
Stimulus generalization occurs when a person or animal starts responding to one stimulus, then multiple stimuli, in a similar manner
_occurs when one exhibits
a particular CR only to certain stimuli, but not to
similar others
Stimulus discrimination
Operant Conditioning
a method of learning that uses rewards and punishment to modify behavior ( learning by outcome)
What is Reinforcement?
Any event that increases the future
probability a behavior will occur. Can be positive or negative.
What is positive reinforcement?
Bringing good things to an organism so they behave, money food, etc.
giving a child a treat when he or she is polite to a stranger is an example of what?
positive reinforcement
What is Negative Reinforcement?
Taking bad things from an organism
